水泥输送泵车结构动态仿真与优化设计

【作者】 汪红兵；

【导师】 吕彭民；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文以某公司生产的水泥输送泵车为研究对象，采用ADAMS软件作为分析计算手段，建立了该泵车的动力学仿真模型，对该泵车臂架系统进行了模态分析及动态响应分析。通过模态分析，掌握了该水泥输送泵车的固有频率和振型，找出了该泵车臂架部分振动较大的原因。通过动态响应分析，讨论了工作冲击载荷对泵车臂架振动的影响。通过改变油缸冲击作用的峰值，观察臂架机构在不同油缸冲击载荷作用下的响应，可知减小泵车油缸冲击峰值也是减小臂架振动的有效途径之一。进一步利用有限元分析软件MSC／NASTRAN建立了三个水泥输送泵车结构有限元优化模型。在第一个优化模型中，首先选择出尽可能多的参数，对其进行灵敏度分析，找出了一阶频率对设计参数的灵敏度与质量对设计参数的灵敏度的比值较大的设计参数。选择比值较大的结构参数为设计变量，以一阶频率为性能约束，进行了旨在提高一阶固有频率的优化设计，提高了泵车的一阶固有频率，使一阶固有频率尽可能高于油缸冲击载荷的频率，从而减小泵车臂架系统的振动幅度。在第二个优化模型中，考虑减小泵车的一阶频率，尽量低于油缸冲击载荷的频率，同时可使结构质量有较大幅度下降。在第三个优化模型中，以强度和一阶频率作为性能约束，对泵车有限元优化模型进行强度、刚度和质量多方面综合优化。最后给出了两种推荐的优化设计方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, a bump auto piping concrete is used as an object of study. The ADAMS software is used to establish the model of a bump auto piping concrete, including model analysis and dynamic response analysis. Inherent frequency and vibration type are got by way of model analysis. At the same time, the reason that causes serious branch vibration during the bump auto working is found. The effect that brunt load act on the arm frame of the bump auto is discussed by way of dynamic response analysis. The response that the arm frame is affected by different brunt load is observed through changing the peak of brunt load. So lowing the dynamic load’s peak is a mean to solve the problem that vibration is too big.Three structural FE model are established with the FEM based on MSC/NASTRAN. In the first optimization model, the exhaustive parameters are selected firstly. By way of sensitivity analysis, the design parameter that the ratio between the sensitivity of the first mode frequency against the design parameter and the sensitivity of the mass against the design parameter is larger is found. The design parameters whose ratios are larger are select as the design variable. Meanwhile, There is a kind of constraint, only the frequency constraint. The optimization design is computed to increase the first mode frequency. As the results, the first mode frequency is increased and the amplitude of the arm frame is cut down. In the second optimization model, the first mode frequency is decreased to let it below the frequency of brunt load and cut down greatly the structural mass. In the third optimization model, the stress and the first mode frequency are selected to form the performance constraints. The third optimization model is presented by the stress, the stiffness and the mass. The two recommended optimization schemes are given finally.更多还原