【作者】 王香河；

【导师】 毛树春；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业科学院 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 田间试验于2002年在中棉所中高肥力试验地进行，供试4个棉花(G. hirsutum L.)品种为主处理，设计低密度留叶枝和高密度不留叶枝为副处理，旨在研究简化栽培条件下留叶枝对产量的补偿效应，初步结果如下： 棉花留叶枝对产量有超补偿效应。低密度留叶枝和常规密度不留叶枝的产量基本持平，叶枝对产量的补偿值达到46%～57%。棉花留叶枝能提高成铃强度，花铃期留叶枝平均成铃强度(0.47个/株·天)为不留叶枝(0.26个/株·天)的1.9倍；低密度下留叶枝单位面积成铃可以达到高密度下不留叶枝的水平。在不整枝条件下，叶枝对总成铃数的贡献与果枝有着几乎相同的效果。棉花留叶枝的单铃重和衣分与不留叶枝均无显著性差异；留叶枝对提高棉花早熟性有促进作用，霜前花率可提高1.1个百分点。棉花留叶枝对纤维品质无不良影响。测定指出，留叶枝棉花整株纤维品质和分次收花的纤维品质均与不留叶枝无显著差异，进一步比较杂交棉叶枝铃比强度比其主茎铃高，而常规棉则比主茎低，总体上叶枝比主茎高一些；马值叶枝比其主茎低，长度和整齐度则没有大的差异。棉花留叶枝有增效作用，本研究主要是节本增效，平均增值43.2元/亩，增值率达6.5%。供试4个品种中，标杂A2和DP99B适合叶枝利用。叶枝利用选用后期生长势强、不早衰的品种，结合增施肥料，简化整枝等，增产节本增效更明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 The field experiments were carried out at test fields of mid-high fertility at CCRI in 2002. Two-factor Split-plot design was apllied, four supplied varieties (G hirsutum L.) as the main treatment , leafy shoots retained at low density and leafy shoots removed at normal density as the sub-treatment, in order to study the compensation effects of cotton leafy shoots retained on the yield under the late conditions of simplify cultivation. Results as follows:Cotton with monopodial branches did have transnormal compensation effects on the yield. The yield of cotton leafy shoots retained at low density and cotton leafy shoots removed at normal density was much at one level. The compensation threshold value of monopodial branches to yields could reach to 46%~57%. Cotton leafy shoots retained could increase boll-setting intensity. During the flower-boll stage, the average boll-setting intensity of cotton leafy shoots retained was 1.9 times of cotton leafy shoots removed. The bolls per unit area of cotton leafy shoots retained at low density could reach the same level as cotton leafy shoots removed at normal density. With leafy shoots retained, monopodial branches did have almost the same contribution to the total boll productivity as sympodial branches. There was no distinct difference on boll weight and lint percent between cotton leafy shoots retained and cotton leafy shoots removed. Leafy shoots retained could enhance the prematurity, the rate of prefrost lint could be increased for 1.1 percents. There was no negtive effects in fiber quality under the condition of leafy shoots retained. There was no significant difference on the fiber quality of whole plant lint and of the lint that harvested in several times between cotton leafy shoot retained and cotton leafy shoots removed. For hybrid cotton, the fiber strength of boll from monopodial branches was higher than that of boll on sympodial branches. For conventional cotton, the fiber strength of boll on monopodial branches was lower than sympodial branches. As a whole, the fiber strength of boll on monopodial branches was some higher than that of boll on sympodial branches. Cotton leafy shoots retained could produce more economic benefits, the value-added rate could reach 6.5 percents. It was indicated that, the useage of monopodial branches could bring up much more economic benefits, while the varieties of still having strong growth potential during the end of cotton growth stage were used, fertilizer was much more applied and simplify cultivation was applied.更多还原