【作者】 王振龙；

【导师】 徐得潜； 赵家良；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 水利工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文采用农田水动力学、水文学、水资源系统工程的理论和方法，针对安徽淮北地区水旱灾害频繁和水资源紧缺现状，进行了农田排水技术、墒情监测预报和抗旱减灾信息系统和农灌区水资源优化配置技术等一体化研究。 在农田排水技术研究中，利用五道沟实验站地中蒸渗仪和排水试验区，采用试验法和动态模拟法，分析了排水工程的水文效应，提出了农田排渍标准和作物适宜的地下水位埋深，采用达西定律和农田水动力学原理，提出了农田排水系统的规格、布置方式及经验公式，为排水工程规划提供依据。 在墒情监测预报研究中，采用降雨产流预报和包气带水运移理论和方法，提出了由墒情预报指数表示的实用墒情预报模型，并把墒情预报技术、旱情灾情评估技术与现代网络技术、GIS信息技术紧密结合，提出了建设墒情监测预报和抗旱减灾信息系统的技术思路和具体内容。本系统包含有墒旱情、雨水情、农工情等综合实时信息，从而为防旱抗旱决策提供信息服务。 在上述研究基础上，进行了水资源优化配置研究。以位于淮北平原中南部韦店灌区和北部亳州城北灌区为实例，根据该区农业资源特点、水资源紧缺状况，种植条件、灌排工程现状，采用线性规划方法，建立了两个典型灌区水资源优化配置数学模型。通过求解模型，得出农业种植及工程系统最佳布置模式和地表水、地下水各时段最优配置方案，以及各种工程系统组合形式的灌溉经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the theory and method of farm hydrodynamics and hydrology and water resources system engineering , the paper covers three topics study about the techniques of farm draining (topic one) , and soil moisture measuring and forecasting and drought preventing inforwaton system (topic 2), and water resources optimal allocation (topic 3) , in the light of the flood and the drought and the shortage of water resources in the north of Anhui Province.In the topic 1, utilizing the natural lysimeters and drainage region in Wudaogou station , based on expriment and imitation methods, frist the hydrology effect of drainage has been analyzed , and then the index of water logged farm drainage and suitable ground water level have been provided. On the theory of Darcy rule and farm hydrodynamics, the standard and pattern and empirical formula of farm drainage system have been presented as well, and provide scientifically foundation for drainage planning.In the topic 2 , based on the theory of rain-runoff and soil water moving ,a practical soil moisture forecasting model expressed by moisture index has been provided . The techniques of moisture forecasting and drought evaluating have been combined with the techniques of network and GIS, and the detailed way and contents about establishing information system of moisture and drought extent have also been presented, and provide direct services for preventing and controlling drought.Based on mentioned above , as example , the topic 3 selects Weidian irrigation area in the south and chengbei irrgation area in the north in Huaibei Plain , and the maths models have been established with maximal net benefit of annual irrigation as objective according to the method of linear planning of system engineering. By used of the model and analysis of cost and benefit of irrigation system, the best planting construction and engineering system pattern and surface water and ground water allocation have been carried out. In addition, the irrigation net benefit of Kinds of engineering pattern has also been done.更多还原