【作者】 段玉箫；

【导师】 夏雅琴；

【作者基本信息】 北京工业大学 ， 固体力学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文从问题的起源、论题的设定及理论分析、模型建立和研究结果几个方面详细介绍了地电异常信号与火山喷发间相关性的研究过程。火山喷发是一种严重的自然灾害。因此随着人类社会的发展，火山的监测与减灾日益成为一个迫切的议题。世界范围内火山监测的方法很多，也很富成效；然而综观这些方法，它们都离不开对具体的火山的内部结构及内部活动的监测。世界范围内所有的火山喷发或大部分火山喷发是否具共同本质；在其孕育期、喷发期或喷发后期是否会释放同一种信息；是否能脱离具体的火山而对世界范围内的火山进行总体上的监测？本文正是从这个大的思维视角出发，以北京工业大学地震预报研究室多年的地电资料为依据，确定本次论文的主要研究内容为地电异常信号与火山喷发相关性的研究。为证明议题，首先应用傅立叶变换与小波分析的理论对原始信号进行频域分析，根据其频域特性确定该信号为一有用的地波信号，这为命题的正确性提供了一个最基本的前提。接下来应用随机过程与相关理论的知识，以1991年1月1日至1999年12月31日为统计时间段，以北京工业大学地震研究所南北方向地电脉冲仪所记录到的地电异常矩形脉冲信号和全球范围内的火山喷发事件为研究对象；抽取适合分析、又具物理意义的多个统计模型；并对信号模型与喷发模型间进行了详尽的相关性分析。研究结果表明地电异常信号与火山喷发间确具相关性。应该说本次研究对‘是否能脱离具体的火山而对世界范围内的火山进行总体上的监测’这个大命题做了一点有益的探索。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis introduces a study process of the correlativity between seismic-electrical abnormal signal and volcanic eruption. It puts emphasis on the submission of the question, the establishment of the study scheme, theory analyses, the selection of the model, signal process and correlativity analyses. Volcanic eruption is one kind of natural disaster, which often takes place on Earth. With the development of society, it will become more and more urgent that we observe and study on volcanic activity and reduce harmfulness for humans. There are many effective methods for monitoring and observing volcanic activity. However, all these methods are only used to observe the internal structure and activity of the concrete volcano. Whether do all of the volcano eruptions or most of the volcano eruptions have the same characters in the nature? Whether do they release the same kind of information in their breeding period, erupting period or after the eruption? Whether can we monitor and observe worldwide volcanic activity in the whole? It is the question that I think in the thesis. According to the observation of seismic-electrical abnormal signals in the past more than ten years, I determine the object of this thesis is the study on the correlativity between seismic-electrical abnormal signals and volcanic eruptions. First, I analyze seismic-electrical abnormal signals in the frequency coordinate by using Fourier Transform and Wavelet Transform. The result of the analyses confirms the seismic-electrical abnormal signals are a kind of signals that content some useful information. Second, I transform seismic-electrical data and volcano data worldwide from 1991 to 1999 to appropriate statistic models and analyze them by using the theories of random process and correlation. The results of the study testify that it is correlative between the seismic-electrical abnormal rectangle pulsation signals and volcano eruptions. So the study is a useful exploration for which whether we can monitor and observe worldwide volcanic activity in the whole.更多还原