【作者】 郑志高；

【导师】 鬲淑芳；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 教育技术学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 文章在分析了我国现有网络课程存在问题的基础上，结合数字化学习特征和数字化学习对于学习内容的要求，提出了基于国际互联网实施教学的网路课程应该是自适应网络课程的思想。即网络课程应能根据学习者学习知识背景的不同形成不同层次的学习内容，实现不同层次的教学目标；针对不同学习风格的学习者，支持学习者根据自己的学习风格进行学习。 文章根据数字化学习和学习者的特点、网络教育信息资源的特性、数字化学习对学习内容结构的要求和面向对象的程序设计思想，提出了课程设计的三个基本指导思想——自适应性要强、充分利用各种网络资源和利用科学方法对课程内容进行分解和组织。据此，文章首先对网络环境下的学习过程进行了一般性描述并对其进行抽象，认为网络环境下的学习涉及四个因素：学习者、学习内容、学习行为和学习工具，并指出这四个因素是有机的整体。自适应网络课程内容组织应该根据网络环境下的学习过程来进行，并将这四个因素统一于课程内容之中。使用面向对象的程序设计思想，对网络环境下学习过程进行数学描述并建立了数学模型。依据数学模型，提出了自适应网络课程可以由一系列彼此有联系的学习单元组成，学习单元是进行课程内容组织的基本单位。依据面向对象的程序设计思想类的继承的思想，阐述了由学习单元形成网络课程的方法，并构建了自适应网络课程的一般结构。根据数字化学习对学习内容的要求和网络课程内容的构成，阐述了学习单元的内容组成、学习单元的生成过程及基于学习单元的学习过程。以学习单元的生成过程为基础，文章从学习内容、学习目标和学习过程三个方面论述了学习单元及以学习单元为基础的网络课程的自适应性。 对于课程内容的分解，借用了概念图对知识体系的表征方法。针对概念图存在的缺陷，提出了以概念图为基础、用概念矩阵来表示网络课程不同知识内容之间的关系，可以满足课程自适应性设计的要求，进而阐述了以概念矩阵构建学习单元的方法。 根据相关假设进行自适应网络课程的设计，文章引入章、节、单元、子单元、信息页、辅助信息页等概念，并阐述了这些概念之间的相互关系，说明了如何利用这些概念组织学习单元，构建出自适应网络课程的结构。 最后，以《多媒体应用基础》课程为例，进行了自适应网络课程的实际设计，并指明了在实施开发的过程中，需要解决的关键问题和存在的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to analyzing the problems that exist in the web-based course of our country, character of digital learning and the content’s demand of digital learning, the article points out that the web-based course that teaches student and passes message through internet should be self-directed. That is web-based course can generate different learning content and achieve different teaching goal according to the difference of student’s background, it also can support that student can learning by their learning style.As to problem of how to design self-directed course, the article first brings forward the basic principle of designing self-directed course by analyzing the factor of digital learning-, the character of the student, the character of internet’s resource, the demand for construct of learning content and Object-oriented programming method, the basic principle of designing self-directed course is(1) The character of self-directed of web-based course should be power.(2) The course should utilize internet’s resource abundantly.(3) We should organize the content of course scientifically when we design self-directed web-based course.According to the basic principle of designing self-directed course, the article analyze learning process on the internet and point out that the process includes four key factors: learner, learning content, learning action and learning tools, and we should treat the four factors as a whole when we design the self-directed web-based course. By utilizing the method of Object-oriented programming, the article constructs a mathematics model for learning process on the web. According to the mathematics model for learning process , the article puts forward that the self-directed web-based course can be formed by learning units. Learning unit is the basic unit for organizing web-based course. According to the method of inherit of class, the article discusses how to use learning unit form web-based course and founds the construct of web-based course. According to the demand for learning content of digital learning and the content of web-based course, the article discusses the content of learning unit, the generating process of learning unit and learning process based learning unit. Based the generating process of learning unit, it analyzes the character of self-directed of course formed by learning unit.As to how to decompose the content of a course when we design a self-directedweb-based course, the article use the method of concept map to show the connection of different content of a course. But the concept map has its limitation and can’t meet all needs of our design. We thus put forward that concept matrix which generates based on concept can meet all needs of our design because it has strategy of self-determination learning. Based on concept matrix, the article states the method of how construct learning unit.As to how to decompose the content of teaching material when we design the self-directed course, the article introduces the concept of chapterN section, unit, sub-unit, information page and accessorial information page that are consistent with the structure of the teaching material. The article introduces the relation between these concepts, and explains how to construct learning unit according to these concepts. It also constructs the structure of self-directed web-based course according to these concepts.At the end of the article, it describes designing process of self-directed web-based course of "elementary application of multi-media", it also point out the problem whenthe process is put in practice.更多还原