真之收缩论研究

【作者】 施群丽；

【导师】 胡泽洪；

【作者基本信息】 华南师范大学 ， 逻辑学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 在哲学领域，“真”是一个重要的概念，而在逻辑学领域，“真”则是一个核心概念。因为，“真”是逻辑学的研究对象，用弗雷格(G.Frege)的话来说，逻辑就是研究真。对真的研究可谓历史悠久，众多逻辑学家、哲学家提出了自己独到的见解，形成了多种关于真的观点。为了研究方便，学者们从不同角度出发，按照不同的标准将众多真之观点划分为若干真之理论类型。本文借鉴了林奇(Michael P.Lynch)的分类方法，根据对真有无本质的不同回答，将真主理论分为坚实论与收缩论两大类型。后者是本文的研究对象。 真之收缩论是一系列理论的总集，其中主要包括冗余论、代语句理论、完成行为论、以及极小主义理论等。它们的共同之处在于都主张真无本质。具体地说，真之收缩论各种理论包括两部分：其一，在形而上学方面，持真无本质的观点，也即“真”并不表达某种性质，最少不表达真实的、实在的性质。其二，在语义学方面，由于“真”并不是从所有真陈述中得出的一种共同的性质，收缩论观点必须解释“真”(“真的”)这个语词的涵义以及(或者)在我们的语言中存在这个语词的目的、意义。收缩论所包含的不同理论对这两个方面做出了不同的回答。 本文在界定“真”的基础上，详细介绍、分析了真之收缩论的缘起及内容，其中也涉及到了真之收缩论观点之间及其与部分坚实论观点之间的一些关系；文章介绍了其他学者对真之收缩论各种具体观点的评析，并提出了自己一些初步的看法。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the field of philosophy, truth is an important concept, while in the field of logic, truth is a central concept .for, truth is the research object of logic .In Frege ’s word, logic is just to pursuit truth. Many logicians and philosophers provided their unique ideas about truth, which formed different truth theories .For the convenience purpose ,the researchers classified truth theories according to different standards and different starting points .This paper refers to Michael P.Lynch’s classification .He classified truth theories into two kinds :robust theories and deflationary theories .The latter is the research object of this paper."Deflationary theories" is a name for a family of views .All the views agree that truth has no nature .The major views are redundancy theory, perfomative theory, prosententialism and minimalism etc .Any deflationary view of truth is comprised of two basic components .The first is metaphysical thesis: truth has no nature . This is often put by saying that "truth" does not express a property .The second component is semantic. Since "true" dose not pick out a property that all true statements share, the deflationist must explain the meaning of the word "true" and (or) the purpose of having such a word or concept in our language. Various deflationary positions spell out these aspects of the position in different ways.After fixing in what sense we are going to talk about truth, the paper specifically introduces and analyzes deflationary theory’s origin and contents. And it also involves the relationships among various deflationary views .In the last part of this paper, some commends are made on deflationary theories of truth.更多还原