【作者】 张翔；

【导师】 汪思源；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 轮机工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着世界各国对海洋环境保护的日益重视，船舶防污染的意义也越来越重要。本文的主要目的就是设计出一套完善可靠的船舶生活污水处理装置自控系统，通过提高船舶生活污水处理装置的自动化程度，优化船舶生活污水的处理过程，从而达到减轻轮机值班人员工作强度、提高生活污水处理效率以及保护海洋环境的目的。 文章首先通过比较现行的各种船舶生活污水处理系统的工艺，分析其各自的优劣，其中活性污泥法处理具有工艺结构简单、净化效果好、药剂用量少、成本低的优势，因此是一种非常适合船舶实际情况的处理方法。在活性污泥法工艺特点的基础上，文章研究整个污水处理过程自控系统的实现，具体讨论了初沉池污泥、曝气池溶解氧、污泥回流、污泥废弃、药剂投放以及流量分配等控制回路的实现，由于整个系统中曝气池作用尤为重要，因此对其进行了全面的讨论，包括利用变频风机、控制解耦等方法。整个控制系统由上位机、PLC、各现场仪表、传感器以及各种执行机构组成，通过PLC强大的数据采集、通讯以及控制功能，使整个生活污水处理系统的自动控制能够得到良好实现。 文章最后通过介绍笔者参与并完成的一陆用污水处理自控系统，证明了该船舶生活污水处理自控系统是可靠适用的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with most countries attaching much value to the ocean environment protection, pollution prevention on ship is more and more important. The purpose of this thesis is to design a reliable and wellappointed automatic control system of daily sewage processing unit on ship. The system can reduce the working intention of marine engineer and raise the efficiency of process by improving the automatic degree of control system and optimizing the processing.The thesis compares the technology of current daily sewage processing unit and analyses the advantage and disadvantage of every unit. Among these units, the technology of activated sludge is simpler, more efficient and doesn’t cost a lot. Thus this technology is very fit for the actual condition of ship. On basis of the technology of activated sludge, the thesis researches how to accomplish the automatic control system of daily sewage processing unit on ship. The thesis discusses the control of the sludge of first deposit pool, DO of aeration pool, the refluent sludge, the waste sludge, the amount of medicament and the allocation of flow in detail. Because the aeration pool is very important in the system, the thesis discusses it at length including the control of air-blower and so on. The whole system is made up with upper computer, PLC, field instruments, sensors and execution units. The automatic control system of daily sewage processing unit on ship can be accomplished well by the powerful function in data acquisition, communication and control of PLC.In conclusion, the thesis confirms the system is feasible through introducing an automatic control system of sewage processing unit on land which is working well now.更多还原