【作者】 陆娴婷；

【导师】 朱荫湄； 张建英；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 环境科学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文综述了活性炭及活性炭纤维、壳聚糖、树脂、沸石和粘土等几种安全有效的吸附材料在去除水中微污染有机物方面的一些性能及应用情况，展望了这几种吸附材料在水质净化方面的应用前景。研制了一种以壳聚糖为基质的具有环境安全特性的水质净化吸附剂，研究了该复合吸附剂的基本理化特性以及对水中微污染物的净化吸附效果。以吸附和分配等理论为基础，研究了壳聚糖—活性炭吸附剂对水中消毒副产物CHCl₃、CHBrCl₂和极性酚类化合物的吸附、脱附行为以及对重金属Cd²⁺、Cu²⁺、Zn²⁺的吸附性能，并研究了pH值、温度、投加量等因素对吸附行为的影响。研究结果表明，CHCl₃和CHBrCl₂在吸附剂上的吸附在Ce＜60μg/L时表现为单分子层吸附，在Ce＞60μg/L时表现为多层吸附。在多吸附质条件下，CHCl₃、CHBrCl₂之间存在着竞争吸附。CHCl₃、CHBrCl₂在吸附剂上脱附率较低。pH值和温度对三卤甲烷的吸附影响较小。在投加量为1.67g／L，振荡至平衡时间后，吸附剂对CHCl₃、CHBrCl₂的去除率分别可以达到79.67％和87.66％。Freundlich和Langmuir等温线都能够较好地符合苯酚、4-氯酚、2，4-二氯酚和五氯酚钠的吸附行为。酚类化合物在吸附剂上的吸附性能稳定，脱附率低。在pH=6.5-7.5，投加量8g/L，振荡至平衡时间后，该自制吸附剂对苯酚、4-氯酚、2，4-二氯酚和五氯酚钠的去除率可以达到90％以上。壳聚糖-活性炭吸附剂对重金属Cd²⁺、Cu²⁺、Zn²⁺有较高的去除效率，当pH为6，投加量为4g/L，振荡至平衡时间后，吸附剂对Cd²⁺、Cu²⁺、Zn²⁺去除率分别达到，90.9％、97.4％和95.9％。更多还原

【Abstract】 The performance and the application of the activated carbon, activated carbon fiber , chitosan , resin , zeolite and clay in removing micropollutants from water were reviewed in the paper, and the application prospects of these absorptive materials in water purification were discussed.A safe water purification sorbent based on chitosan was developed.The physical and chemical characteristics and the adsorbability removing micropollutants of the sorbent were studied.The adsorption and desorption behaviors of the sorbent to remove the CHCl3, CHBrCl2 and polar phenolic compounds from water were studied based on the adsorption and partition theories , the adsorption performance for the metal was studied and the influence of pH, temperature and dosage also were discussed.The result showed that single layer adsorption occurs when Ce<60 u g/L,while multiple layer adsorption occured when Ce>60ug/L. the competitive adsorption between CHCl3 and CHBrCl2 has been studied under multicomponent system.The desorption rate of CHCl3 and CHBrCl2 was very low.The pH value and temperature have little influence on the adsorption.The sorbent could adsorb 79.67% of CHCl3 and 87.66% of CHBrCl2 when the concentration of the sorbent was 1.67g/L.Freundlich isotherm and Langmuir isotherm were suggested as the appropriate types for phenol, 4-chlorophenoK 2,4-dichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol. The desorption rate of phenolic compounds was rather low.The high-performance sorbent could adsorb more than 90% of phenoK 4-chlorophenoK 2,4-dichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol when the pH range was found to be 6.5-8.5,and the optimum mass of the sorbent was 8g/L.The sorbent could adsorb 90.9% of Cd2+ ,97.4% of Cu2+ and 95.9% of Zn2+ when the dosage of the sorbent was 4g/L and the pH was 6.更多还原