多孔阳极氧化铝模板上定向纳米碳管薄膜的制备及其摩擦性能研究

【作者】 侯崑；

【导师】 涂江平；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以固体润滑耐磨材料为应用背景，对在多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板上生成的纳米碳结构薄膜的组织结构及其摩擦性能进行了研究。论文探讨了多孔AAO模板和在模板上纳米碳结构薄膜的制备工艺参数，并讨论了多孔AAO模板上生成的定向纳米碳管薄膜在微载荷条件下的摩擦性能。 室温条件下在草酸溶液中通过两步阳极氧化法制备出孔洞分布均匀有序的多孔AAO模板。采用原子力显微镜(AFM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对多孔AAO模板的微观结构进行了系统的观察，分析了经一步阳极氧化法和两步阳极氧化法制备的多孔AAO模板的区别，并对不同磷酸腐蚀时间对多孔AAO模板的影响进行了详细的分析。 利用交流电沉积法在多孔AAO模板的孔洞中及其表面上沉积出Co和Fe—Co合金。采用化学气相沉积(CVD)法在沉积有催化剂的多孔AAO模板上制备出纳米碳线、定向纳米碳棒和定向纳米碳管。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和喇曼光谱(Raman)等对在多孔AAO模板上电沉积得到的Co和Fe—Co合金催化剂的表面形貌以及在多孔AAO模板上制备得到的碳纳米结构进行了系统的观察分析。研究表明催化剂的种类及其在多孔AAO模板中的分布对生成何种碳纳米结构起到决定性作用，对各种碳纳米结构的形貌及其生成机理进行详细的讨论。 在环—块摩擦试验机上进行了多孔AAO模板上的定向纳米碳管薄膜的干滑动摩擦试验，研究了微载荷条件下不同滑动速度对摩擦力的影响。利用摩擦力显微镜(FFM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对多孔AAO模板上的定向纳米碳管薄膜在纳牛顿条件下的摩擦性能进行了初步研究。结果表明：多孔AAO模板上的定向纳米碳管薄膜在干滑动条件下其摩擦力随滑动速度的增加而减小；多孔AAO模板上的定向纳米碳管薄膜在大范围内具有相同的摩擦性能，其摩擦系数仅为0.082。 综上所述，在多孔AAO模板上生成的定向纳米碳管薄膜是一种具有优良摩擦性能的先进材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Upon the application background of solid lubricants and wear resistant materials, themicrostructure and tribological property of carbon nanostructure synthesized on the porous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) template were investigated. The preparation parameters of both the porous AAO template and carbon nanostructure synthesized on the template were obtained. The tribological properties of the film of well-aligned carbon nanotubes synthesized on the porous AAO template at relatively low loads were also evaluated.Under room temperature, the porous AAO template with pores distributed uniformly could be synthesized by a two-step anodization technique in oxalic acid. The microstructures of the porous AAO template were systematically investigated characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The differences between the porous AAO templates prepared by one-step and by two-step anodization were also studied. The effect of erosion time in phosphoric acid on the microstructure of the porous AAO template was investigated in detail as well.Co and Fe-Co alloys could be deposited in the porous AAO template by using alternating current. Carbon nanofibers, well-aligned carbon nanorods and alignend carbon nanotubes could be synthesized on the porous AAO template with catalysts by chemical vapor deposition method. The morphology of Co and Fe-Co alloys deposited in the template and the microstructure of the carbon nanostructures synthesized on the template were systematically investigated by means of SEM, TEM, EDS and Raman spectrum. The growth mechanisms of carbon nanostructures were also studied in detail, it was found that the catalysts and their distributions that made the decision on the final carbon nanostructures.The friction tests of the film of the aligned carbon nanotubes were performed using a block-on-ring friction tester and using friction force microscopy (FFM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The effect of sliding velocity on the friction force was investigated at a low applied load. It was found that the friction force reduced when the sliding velocity increased under a relatively low applied load. The friction properties of the aligned carbon nanotube filmwere very uniform in test region. The film on AAO template had a considerable self-lubricating effect and the friction coefficient of the film was only 0.082.In conclusion, the aligned carbon nanotube film synthesized on the porous anodic aluminium oxide template shows the excellent friction property and potential applications as solid lubricants and wear resistant materials.更多还原