【作者】 李荣辉；

【导师】 宋志尧；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 港口、海岸及近海工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 在水利工程中经常需要采用数学模型模拟水流的流态，浅水方程是进行平面流态模拟计算的基本控制方程，但因其忽略了流速垂线分布的不均匀性，在模拟某些平面流态(如风生流动、河湾水流、潜坝等工程附近的流动)时存在一定的局限性。 为此，本文从水流运动的基本方程、浅水流动这些基础概念出发，通过动量系数的引入，修正二维浅水方程组中动量方程的对流项和底部摩阻项，建立了广义浅水方程的基本形式，并重点研究了一种适用于潜坝平面流态模拟的广义浅水方程。 据此应用DSI法建立了相应的计算模式，利用水槽试验进行验证，并将该模式的计算结果与浅水方程的结果进行比较。验证比较表明，计算的流速、水位与试验值吻合都较好，说明对此类工程流场的模拟应用广义浅水方程更有效。 最后，应用正交曲线网格技术，建立了正交曲线坐标系下广义浅水方程的计算模式，将之应用于长江口深水航道整治工程的流场计算，进行实测水位、流速验证和流场模拟。验证结果，计算的水位流速与实测值吻合较好；流场模拟结果符合潜坝水流运动的一般规律，令人满意。计算表明该模型可用此类工程附近流场的模拟计算。更多还原

【Abstract】 Numerical models are frequently used to simulate water flow in hydraulic engineering. Shallow water equations are basic governing equations with assumption of the velocity distribution uniformly in vertical, so they have some limitations on the simulation of some plane flows, such as wind-induced flow, curve river flow and flow nearby the submerged dikes.For above-mentioned reasons, Extended shallow water equations are developed by introduction of momentum coefficient, correction of convection and bed resistance in equations of motion. One extended shallow water equations for submerged dike are researched emphatically.Based on the extended shallow water equations, numerical model is established. Verifications and comparison are done to verify its validity by the flume experiment with submerged dike. Results show that the computed water level and velocity accord well with experiment, it is effective for flow simulation of such case.Finally, in orthogonal curvilinear coordinate systems numerical model is established and applied in the Yangtze river estuary in which some regulation plans are taken include submerged jets and groins. Verifications are also done to verify water level and velocity. Flow fields are computed for the analysis of effect of regulation engineering on the whole water area. Results show that the computed water level and velocity accord well with measurements, the flow module nearby the submerged dikes obeys the law of hydraulics satisfactorily.更多还原