【作者】 田红；

【导师】 郭品文； 陆维松；

【作者基本信息】 南京气象学院 ， 气象学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 利用NCEP/NCAR1958～1998年再分析资料分析了全球水汽输送时空分布的气候特征和全球水分平衡。分析了东亚季风区水汽输送的季节变化，并着重研究了夏季东亚季风区的水汽输送特征，指出夏季东亚季风区水汽输送有四条通道到达中国大陆：西南通道、南海通道、东南通道和西北通道，分别体现了南亚季风、南海季风、副热带季风和中纬度西风带对中国夏季降水的影响。EOF分析表明，夏季中国东部存在三类异常雨型：中间型、南方型和北方型，用投影法讨论了三类异常雨型与异常水汽输送的关系，并通过相关分析找出了不同水汽通道的影响范围。探讨了影响水汽输送异常的主要物理因素(海温和环流异常)及其可能的相互关系：赤道东太平洋海温偏高(El Nino位相)—夏季欧亚阻塞形势出现的可能性较大—西太平洋副高偏南且加强西伸—东南通道水汽输送加强，西南、西北通道水汽输送减弱—对应长江流域降水偏多，华南中部、西南边境、黄河中上游及华北东部降水偏少。反之亦然。更多还原

【Abstract】 The climate characteristics of global water vapor transport and global water balance are analyzed by using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data set from 1958 to 1998. Seasonal variations of water vapor transport over east Asia monsoon region are studied, especially that in summer season. The results indicate that there are four vapor inflow corridors to fetch China: southwest corridor, South China Sea corridor, southeast corridor and northwest corridor. It shows impact of south Asia monsoon, South China Sea monsoon, subtropical monsoon and middle latitude westerly belt on summer rainfall anomaly over China, respectively. The results of EOF show that there are three rainfall patterns in China in summer such as midst rainfall pattern, south rainfall pattern and north rainfall pattern. The relations between the three rainfall patterns and three patterns of water vapor transport are discussed by projection, and influencing areas of different vapor inflow corridors are located by correlation. At last, the major physical factors including SSTA and atmosphere circulation anomalies that affect water vapor transport and their interactions are discussed.更多还原