演化设计方法及其应用研究

【作者】 梁大伟；

【导师】 滕弘飞；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 机械设计与理论， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文主要研究演化设计方法及其在机构方案设计上的应用。 多年以来，实现产品设计的智能化、自动化，提高产品设计的创新程度，是人们所追求的目标。然而，传统的设计方法存在着过于依赖经验、设计周期长以及缺乏创新等缺点，因此很难满足现代产品的设计要求。20世纪90年代中期，演化设计方法的提出，为实现上述目标开辟了一条有效的途径。 演化设计方法是从仿生学的基础上发展起来的，它将问题的解表示成演化个体的形式，通过模拟自然界优胜劣汰的进化过程，来寻求问题的最佳设计方案。演化设计方法以演化算法或演化思想为理论基础，具有较强的自组织、自适应能力，同时具有并行性和全局性等特点。目前，演化设计方法已经应用于结构优化设计、方案设计、人工生命以及智能机器人设计等领域，并取得了令人瞩目的进展。 近年来兴起的关于演化设计方法的研究主要集中在国外，尚没有形成系统的理论和方法，有待进一步发展。本文在查阅和分析国内外文献资料的基础上，主要研究了演化设计的基本原理及实现方法，并将其应用于机构方案的设计中。 本文主要研究工作如下： (1)综述和分析了近年来的演化设计方法。包括综述其研究进展，归纳和分析了演化设计方法的内涵、类型及其基本实现方法。讨论了用于行为控制的神经网络的演化模型的设计。 (2)在分析了Lipson等的演化设计方法的基础上，研究其具体实现方法，最后给出机构演化设计实例。 (3)以压电驱动式微夹钳的设计为例，在对微夹钳传动机构进行分析，推导出简化传动分析计算公式，并应用有限元分析和实物测量进行验证的基础上，应用演化算法对其进行结构参数优化设计。 将演化设计方法应用于机械产品的设计中，将提高设计过程中的自动化程度，拓宽设计者的思路，提高产品的创新性，因此具有重要的研究价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis mainly studies Evolutionary Design method and its application to the conceptual design for mechanisms.For so many years, we aim to design the products intelligently and automatically, and improve the innovation levels. However, because most of traditional design methods depend on experiences of designers, which take too long designing cycle and lack creativity, they cannot meet these demands in any case. Fortunately, the evolutionary algorithms developed in 1990’s have been proved an effective approach to solve this problem.Evolutionary design method is originated from bionics, which represents solutions as individuals, and seeks the optimal solution by simulating the evolving process of survival of the fittest in nature. The evolution method is based on the theory of evolution algorithm and evolution thinking with self-organization, self-adaptation and characteristics of parallelism and global. Currently, evolutionary design method has been applied to the fields of structural optimization design, conceptual design, artificial design and intelligent robot design, and many remarkable progresses are achieved.The research about the evolution design methods in recent years is mostly in abroad. However, the systematic theory and method are still not derived, which needs us to study further. On the basis of collecting and analyzing a great quantity of references at home and abroad, this thesis studied the basic principle of evolution design and its implement method, and its application to the conceptual design for mechanisms.The main works in the thesis are as follows:(1) The evolution design methods are overviewed and analyzed, which include the research progress, intension, types and realization means. The neural network evolution model applied to behavior control is also be discussed.(2) Based on the Lipson’s evolution design method, the specific realization means are studied, at last, the example about mechanism evolution design is given.(3) Taking the design of piezoelectric micro-gripper for an example, based on analyzing its transmission mechanism, deducing the simplifiedformulas for transmission analysis and validating by finite element analysis and experimental measurement, the structural parameters are optimized by evolution algorithm.Adopting evolution method to design mechanical products will be beneficial to improve automaticity, innovation and broaden designer’s mind. Therefore, doing research for this method is of great value.更多还原