【作者】 杜丽萍；

【导师】 谭训鸣；

【作者基本信息】 江西财经大学 ， 会计学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 中小企业问题是一个世界性课题，也是一个长久性课题。实践证明，中小企业的大量存在是一个不分地区和发展阶段的普遍存在的现象，是经济发展的内在要求和必然结果。改革开放以来，我国中小企业得到迅猛的发展，在扩大就业、活跃市场、增加收入、社会稳定、产品结构调整等方面起到了难以替代的作用。加快我国中小企业的发展，可以为确保今后若干年内经济改革和发展目标的顺利实现，为国民经济持续稳定增长奠定坚实的基础。 然而，融资渠道不畅是目前影响我国中小企业发展的最重要的因素。融资是企业资本运作的起点，资本运用的前提。中小企业资金短缺，将影响到中小企业的长足发展。因此，研究中小企业的融资问题，探讨如何进一步完善我国的中小企业融资支持体系，对解决我国中小企业发展中资金的“瓶颈”问题，对促进我国经济与社会发展具有极为重要的意义。 本论文分四章。 第一章对我国中小企业融资进行概述。本章在对我国中小企业进行界定的基础上，介绍我国l－I。小企业的地位和作用。按着论述了我国中小企业融资的主要方式和特点以及政府扶持融资的必要性。继而提出融资对我国中小企业发展的重要性。 第二章介绍厂我国中小企业的融资现状，并从企业外部因素和内部因素两方面对融资用境进行分析。外邮囚素中要指中小企业融资受到国家法律、金融机构、证券市场、社会服务体系等方面的制约，内部因素是指中小企业受到自身规模、技术水平、经营役理、融资资信等方面的限制，使得中小企业融资困难。紧接着对我国中小企业的融资困境提出对策，就如何进一步完善我国中小企业融资支持体系提出自己的设想。 第三章详细阐述了如何构建我国中小企业的间接融资体系。首先，建立我国中小企业信用担保体系，建立中小企业信用担保体系是我国目前为解决中小企业融资困难所进行的一项最实际也是最重要的工作。中小企业在间接融资过程中存在的一个很大困难是抵押担保难。所以建立中小企业信用担保制度是非常必要。非常迫切的。我国中小企业信用担保体系的实践模式可以用“一体两翼”来概括，包括信用担保、几助担保和商业担保等三种具体模式。其主要职能是对符合国家产业政策的各类I。卜。企业进行资信评估、开展担保业务、实施债务追偿。其次，加大金融机构对中小企业的信贷支持，进行金融创新。改善国有商业银行对中小企业的金融服务，鼓励商业银行在注意信贷安全的前提下，建立向中小企业发<WP=6> 约束机制，切实提高对中小企业的信贷比例。办好国有商业银行的中小企业信贷部，确保中小企业有充分的融资来源。与此同时，大力支持我国中小金融机构的发展，为中小企业服务。中小企业与中小金融机构是天生的合作伙伴，中小金融机构可以充分发挥其优势，满足中小企业的融资需求。再次，发展中企业的租赁融资，既可解决中小企业资金不足的困难，又可迅速为公司引进所需的技术设备。 第四章详尽阐述了如何构建我国中小企业的直接融资渠道。首先，大力发展我国的风险投资，对中小企业的发展具有特殊作用，尤其对科技型中小企业的成长起着十分重要的作用。为进一步加快发展我国的风险投资业，我们不仅要构筑良好的外部环境，通过政策的规范、制度的创新以及环境的改善，形成以市场建设为核心、以民间投资为主体的风险投资机制。而且要建立完善的风险投资内在机制。其次，二板市场的创建，不仅为风险投资提供了退出途径，而且为中小企业的融资提供了新渠道。探讨我国创业板市场机制，对创业板市场规则的最终形成，对保障上市企业和投资者的基本权益，保障我国证券市场持续健康发展，有着十分重要的意义。再次，发展我国中小企业的债券融资，发挥债券市场对我国中小企业的融资效用。对建立一个完整全m的中小企业资本市场来说，开放和完善债券市场是不可或缺的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The topic about Small and medium enterprises(SMEs) is worldwide and everlasting. There are lots of SMEs, which is inherent demand and inevitable result of economic development. With the development of our reform and openness, SMEs in China have got rapid development and play an important role in absorbing social labor, stimulating market, increasing income, stabilizing society, regulating product structure.Accelerating the development of SMEs in China, will ensure that Chinese economic reform and developmental targets get realized successfully in the future several years. Developing SMEs will lay a solid basis for sustained and stable development of national economy.However, financing dilemma is the most important factor that influences the development of SMEs in china. Financing not only is the beginning of capital operation, but also is the prerequisite of capital utilization. Short of capital, SMEs will not get everlasting development. So researching on SMEs financing and exploring how to perfect financing system of SMEs in China, is of vital importance to settle SMEs financing dilemma and promote economic and social development in China.The article consists of four parts.Chapter 1 is a summary of SMEs financing in China. At first, gives a definition to SMEs, then puts forward the status and role of SMEs in China. Secondly, analyzes the main financial methods and their features, and points out that government should support SMEs financing. Finally, concludes that financing is important to SMEs development.Chapter 2 points out financing status quo of SMEs in China, and probes into it from external causes and internal factors of SMEs. External causes involve the restriction from governmental law, financial institutions, security market and social service system. Internal factors refer to the constraint from scale, technology, management, credit level of SMEs. On this basis, author brings forwand the countermeasures to SMEs financing dilemma and puts forward the hypothesis about how to perfect the SMEs financing system.Chapter 3 makes a detailed elaboration about how to establish the indirect financing system of SMEs in China. Firstly, establishing credit guarantee schemes in China, which is the most practical and important task to solve the SMEs financing dilemma.SMEs have difficulty in loan guarantee. So establishing credit guarantee schemes is indispensable and imperative. The practical mode of loan guarantee system may be summarized by "one body two wings", including loan guarantee, mutual guarantee and commercial guarantee.The main function of credit guarantee schemes is<WP=8>to evaluate loan level, expand credit guarantee, and trace the debt. Secondly, financial institutions will give credit support to SMEs and make financial innovation. State-owned commercial banks will improve financial service to SMEs. In the premise of credit safety, commercial banks should be encouraged to set up the stimulation and restriction mechanism of loan to SMEs, and to increase the ratio of loan to SMEs. Moreover, better management of credit department of commercial banks will ensure that SMEs have full financing sources. At the same time, small and medium financial institutions which serve for SMEs should get support. SMEs and small and medium financial institutions are cooperative partners by nature. Small and medium financial institutions should fully exert their advantages to meet the demand of SMEs financing. Finally, developing the lease financing, not only solves SMEs financing dilemma, but also imports technology and equipment.Chapter 4 makes a detailed elaboration about how to establish the direct financing channel of SMEs in China. Firstly, develops the venture capital, which is important to the development of SMEs, especially to the growth of technical SMEs. To further develop venture capital, we should construct favorable exterior environment. Through criterion of policy, innovation of institution, and improvement of environment, shapes the venture capital mechanism with the core of market constr更多还原