【作者】 贾非；

【导师】 吴跃峰；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 动物学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 2000年9月～2002年1月，对笼养褐马鸡的静止代谢率（RMR）和能量平衡进行了测定，并根据实验所得到的结果进行了一系列的数学计算。主要结果如下： 1．在不同的季节，褐马鸡RMR与温度的关系可以用方程“RMR=A+B×T+C×T²”进行很好的拟合，其相关程度分别达到显著水平和极显著水平。对回归关系式求倒数，得到不同季节的特定温度：春季雄鸟22.47℃、雌鸟22.55℃；夏季雄鸟23.96℃、雌鸟25.88℃；秋季雄鸟22.43℃、雌鸟22.24℃；冬季雄鸟19.39℃、雌鸟20.67℃。在特定温度下褐马鸡RMR值最小，分别为：春季雄鸟929.85mlO₂／h．标准个体、雌鸟923.02mlO₂／h．标准个体；夏季雄鸟1172.50mlO₂／h．标准个体、雌鸟825.50mlO₂／h．标准个体；秋季雄鸟1003.90mlO₂／h．标准个体、雌鸟973.56mlO₂／h．标准个体：冬季雄鸟504.94mlO₂／h．标准个体、雌鸟1115.98mlO₂／h．标准个体。 2．在冬季与夏季，雌雄褐马鸡的RMR表现山明显的差异。冬季雄鸟RMR极显著低于雌鸟的RMR；夏季雄鸟RMR显著高于雌鸟的RMR。 3．在实验温度下所进行的能量平衡实验结果表明，总摄入能、排泄能、可代谢能、粪便热值均随温度升高而降低；食物利用率与温度之间的回归关系不显著。 4．通过对RMR及能量平衡实验所得结果的理论计算得到以下结果： （1）褐马鸡雌雄个体在冬季与夏季具有不同的临界温度点（T₁、T₂），即雌鸟为-31.29℃、43.29℃；雄鸟为-29.40℃、39.57℃。 （2）雌雄褐马鸡在春、夏、秋、冬的静止代谢效率分别为：冬季雄鸟为33.81％；冬季雌鸟为86.86％；春季雄鸟为9.12％；春季雌鸟为15.65％；夏季雄鸟为52.03％；夏季雌鸟为34.23％；秋季雄鸟为9.68％；秋季雌鸟为10.52％。 （3）．得到了三个以T为自变量的等式，分别为： 等式 Δu=1681-14.6×T 等式 ΔG=0.371×T²-71.92×T+3362 等式 ln K=-216110／T 5 结论： （1）方程“RMR=A+B×T+C×T²”比Scholander模型能更好的拟合褐马鸡RMR～T的关系。 （2）褐马鸡通过降低特定温度、基础代谢率和增加机体隔热能力来适应低温条件；雌性褐马鸡对高温环境的适应能力较好，而雄性褐马鸡对低温环境的适应能力较高。 （3）公式Δu、ΔG、lnK可以较好的描述褐马鸡的生活状态。更多还原

【Abstract】 In laboratory experiments, Resting Metabolic Rate(RMR),energy budget in caged Crossoptilon mantchuricum and some results based on the above data were determined. The main results as fellows:1. In each season, the relationship between RMR and temperature can be described well by the following equation: RMR=A+BXT+CXT2. By calculating the derivative of the expression ,we can obtain the special temperature: spring male (22.47); spring female (22.55);summer male (23.96); summer female (25.88); autumn male (22.43); autumn female (22.24); winter male (19.39); winter female (20.67). At every special temperature, the species may have the minimum RMR as the followings :spring male (929.85 mlOh.si); spring female (923.02 mlO2/h.si); summer male (1172.50 mlOi/h.si), summer female (825.50 mlOTi.si): autumn male (1003.90 mlO2/h.si); autumn female (973.56 mlOTi.si); winter male (504.94 mlOi/h.s winter female (1115.98 mlO2/h.si)2. In winter and summer, the values of RMR of male and female are significant difference. The RMR of male in winter is extremely significant lower than that of female; The RMR of male in winter is extremely significant larger than that of female.3. The experimental results of the energy budget conducted at the temperature for experiments show that the gross energy consumption, excrement energy, metabolic energy and excreta energy increase while the experimental temperature decrease. No significant difference in food usage at various temperatures is found.4. We can obtain the following results by calculating the date obtained from the experiments about RMR and energy budget:(1) Male and female Crossoptilon mantchuricum have different critical temperatures in winter and summer. The critical temperatures are -31.29and 43.29 for female, -29.40 and39.57 for male respectively.(2).The values of metabolic efficiency for both sexes are the follows: winter male (33.81%); winter female (86.86%); spring male (9.12%); spring female (15.65%); summer male(52.03%); summer female(34.23%); autumn male (9.68%); autumn female (10.52%).(3). We obtain three equations with T as the variables. They are the followings equation Au=168M4.6XT equation AG=0.371 XT2-71.92 XT+3362 equation In K=-216110/T5. According to discussions on the above results ,we can suggest the followings:(1) The equation RMR=A+BXT+CXT2can better describe the relationship betweenRMR and temperature.(2) By dropping its special temperature, RMR and improving its body heat insulation, Crossopiilon mantchuricum is adapted to the low-temperature environment. The adaptable ability of female to high-temperature is better than that of the male and the male is better adaptable to the low-temperature environment than the female.(3) The equations on Au, AG and lnK can very well describe the conditions of Crossoptilon mantchuricum.更多还原