【作者】 姬慧；

【导师】 乔建中；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 移情及其道德价值一直是道德心理学关注的主题。本论文针对现有研究中的某些不足与缺憾，采用问卷调查法，从移情引发的道德情感体验入手，通过研究不同移情水平的人在特定道德行为情境中道德情感的产生方式、反应特点和影响因素等方面的差异，探讨了移情在道德行为中的作用机制及其德育价值。结果表明，移情对于道德行为的影响主要是通过对主体的道德情感的影响而起作用的，其具体表现为移情直接影响主体道德情感的倾向性、指向性和自律性；在对道德情感和道德行为的影响上，移情与人际关系、行为动机、行为结果等因素之间都存在着相互作用，其中主体对人际关系的觉知，在移情的产生及其对道德情感和道德行为的影响上起着关键作用。 在此基础上，笔者对移情的具体作用机制进行了探讨，提出，移情之所以能在道德行为中起动机作用，关键在于移情引发的道德情感能促使人进行内在的自我调节，即移情能够促使人在道德行为中追求积极的道德情感体验，并避免或降低消极的道德情感体验，从而促使人更多地从事能够产生积极道德情感体验的道德行为，进而避免重复做出会产生消极道德情感体验的行为。 同时，笔者还对移情与道德的关系以及移情在道德教育中的作用做了进一步探讨，提出，移情与道德的内涵、移情与个体社会化、移情与道德内化等方面的关系表明，移情发展是道德发展的基础；并指出，移情培养应作为早期道德教育、体验式道德教育的一条重要途径，遵循人际关系亲琉层次是移情培养与道德教育实施的基本途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Empathy and its moral functioning are always the attracting subjects in moral psychology. The mechanism of empathy in moral behavior and empathy’s role in moral education are discussed in the paper in order to deal with the defects in former researches. Questionnaires are used in the study in the perspective of moral emotion resulting from empathy. And the differences of engender patterns, reaction features, and the influencing factors of moral emotion in children of different levels of empathy in given moral situations are tested in the study. The conclusions prove that empathy has effects on moral behavior by influencing children’s tendency, direction and self-discipline in moral emotion. And interaction between empathy and other factors, such as interpersonal relationship, behavioral motivation and behavioral result, influences the moral emotion and moral behavior. What is more, the consciousness of interpersonal relationship plays a crucial role in empathy’s arousing process and its influences on moral emotion and moral behavior.Based on the study conclusions and former researches, the author discusses the mechanism of empathy in moral behavior, and puts forward that empathy’s motive role on moral behavior is that, the moral emotion resulting from empathy can impel people to regulate one’s self-state psychologically, that is to say, empathy can impel people to pursue positive moral emotion and escape or reduce negative moral emotion, that promote people to go in for more positive moral behavior producing positive moral emotions, and to escape negative moral behavior producing negative moral emotion.Meanwhile, the author makes a further exploration to the relation between empathy and morality and its functioning in moral education, and points out that the development of empathy is the foundation of the development of children’s morality from the relation between implications of empathy and morality, the relation between empathy and individual socialization, and the relation between empathy and moral internalization. The author suggests that the cultivation of empathy is an important way for early moral education and moral education based on one’s experiences, and that following the intimate levels of interpersonal relationship is a fundamental way for empathy fostering and moral education.更多还原