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诗歌语言的陌生化

Poetic Language’s Defamiliarision

【作者】 李刚

【导师】 王济民;

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 , 文艺学, 2002, 硕士

【副题名】宋诗话中的语言批评

【摘要】 宋诗话,是中国诗学中的重要组成部分。本论文从语言批评的角度切入宋诗话,重新整合其中“诗歌语言的陌生化”的内容,发掘其内涵,并在与俄国形式主义理论的比较中,探讨宋诗话中语言批评的价值。 导论部分简要介绍当前宋代诗话的研究现状,不同研究阶段的特点和宋代诗话研究的最新学术成果。 本文的主体部分分为三章,主要探讨宋诗话语言批评中的“陌生化”理论。 第一章语词的陌生化,主要从语汇的角度,分析宋诗话中提出的“白战体”和“以俗为雅”的陌生化理论。“白战体”是宋诗话批评家创造的一种避免模仿前人作品,要求诗人在语词上有所创新的诗歌体裁。它反映出宋代诗人实践中的开创新的诗歌风格的开拓意识。作为语言陌生化的一种实践,“白战体”具有文学史和文艺理论批评上的重要意义。而这通常被一般的文学批评史所轻视,本文将其放在第一章第一节,希望引起宋代文学理论研究者的关注。 在如何实现语词的陌生化上,宋代诗话批评家提出了“以俗为雅”的陌生化理论。它要求诗中融入方言和俗语,以区别于前人诗歌中经典雅致的语词系统。宋代诗话批评家在总结本朝诗歌作品的语词中,发现将方言俗语融入诗歌语词系统中,使陈腐的诗歌语言重新有了陌生化的感觉,焕发出新鲜的生活活力。 第二章语意的陌生化,这一章研究宋诗话中的“夺胎换骨”理论,认为这是宋诗话批评家总结出的,在语意上实现陌生化的创作手法。这一章首先阐明了语意的沿袭,在诗歌史上的普遍性及必然性。它是一种文化遗传与积累的必然结果,是诗人创新的重要前提,也是实现语言陌生化的前提。没有诗歌语意上的相互沿袭,在此基础上的“陌生化”,就是无本之末,无源之水了。因此,从另一个角度看,语意沿袭的过程,就是一个语意陌生化的过程。 本章另外一节,说明了“夺胎换骨”,不是一般人理解的“重复、抄袭和剽窃”。相反语意沿袭的过程中,是一个有所创新、有所超越的“陌生化”过程。“夺胎换骨”中的“翻案法”就是宋人诗歌写作中的重要的创新手法。/泣兰八 硕士学位论文W MASTER’S TIfeSIS 第三章句法的陌生化,主要研究宋代诗话批评家所重视的“句法”问题。句法在宋诗话中有很多用法,几乎成为诗歌技巧的一个总称。本章专门研究句法理论中核心的问题——诗歌语言句式的陌生化问题。 这一章分为“诗家语”的句法和散文旬法两节。诗家语的句法一节,主要分析了诗歌语言所特有的句法形式,如语序错综、省略和紧缩、扩展等现象,说明诗歌句法与日常语言句法的不同。 散文句法一节,研究宋诗中将散文句法运用于诗歌,造成诗歌句式陌生化的理论。

【Abstract】 Poetic Text of Song Dynasty is a very important part of Poetic Theory in China. The paper studies Poetic Text in Song Dynasty in the view of language criticism. It rearranges the content of "Poetic Language’s defamiliarision", and explores the connotation of it further. In the comparison with Russian Formalism, the paper discusses the significance of language criticism of Poetic Text of Song Dynasty.The paper had three main parts:The first part is "Words’ defamiliarision". This part, mainly from the point of vocabulary, analyses the theory of "Baizhan Style" and "Taking popular words as refined words". These two theories are put forward in Poetic Text of Song Dynasty. "Baizhan Style" is a kind of style created by the critics of Poetic Text of Song Dynasty. The aim of it is to avoid intimating the predecessors’ works, and to ask poets to use new words in their poems. As a defamiliarision theory on language, it reflects the creative consciousness of these critics. On how to realize the defamilarision of words, the critics of Poetic Text of Song Dynasty advocates to take popular words as refined words. The theory ask to use dialects and proverbs to be distinguished from the refined and elegant words system used by predecessors.The second part is "semantic defamiliarsion". This part mainly studies the theory of "making a thorough-going change". The theory is thought to be created by the critics of Poetic Text of Song Dynasty. This is an approach to realize semantic defamilarision. It first explains the semantic trending is a common and necessary phenomenon in the poetic history. And the process of trending is also the process of defamiliarision. And then, it clarifies the theory of "making a thorough-going change" is not "plagiarization or cheating" understood by common people, but an important renovation approach in poem creation.The third part is "Syntax defamaliarision", subdivided into two little parts "Poetic Syntax" and "Essay Syntax". In the sub-part of "Poetic Syntax", it analyses the particular syntax forms in poetic language, such as intricating, omitting, retrenching and expanding of language sequence. The paper also shows the difference between poetic language syntax and ordinary language syntax. In the second sub-part of "essay syntax", it studies such a phenomena in Song Dynasty’s Poets to use essay syntax in poems. This causes the sentences’ defamiliarsion in the poems of Song Dynasty.

  • 【分类号】I052
  • 【被引频次】9
  • 【下载频次】1328
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