茄子抗黄萎病（Verticillium wilt）突变体的离体筛选

【作者】 刘君绍；

【导师】 宋明；

【作者基本信息】 西南农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 1998～2002年，笔者针对茄子黄萎病抗源材料缺乏，茄子抗黄萎病育种一直未取得较大的突破，借鉴棉花、小麦抗性诱变技术，开展了“茄子抗黄萎病突变体(Verticilliumwilt)的离体筛选”的研究，其结果如下： 1经过两年的试验研究，已筛选出了产生黄萎病菌毒素的适宜培养基PDA和强致病菌株(VD_T)，确定了粗毒素加入方法以及抗性突变体筛选压力(2700ug/30ml培养基)。 2通过研究，首次在国内建立了一套茄子抗黄萎病突变体离体诱变筛选的实用技术体系。 3获得改良的三月茄抗病突变体(142—E)，苗期室内黄萎病抗性鉴定其病情指数为23.0(对照三月茄为80.0)，田间黄萎病抗性鉴定其病情指数为22.9(对照三月茄为75.7)，其抗性达到中抗水平(15～30)。通过膜透性、POD酶活性、SOD酶活性及酯酶同工酶活性分析也表明突变体142-E的抗病力比对照三月茄有所提高。 4突变体142—E的主要性状(植物学性状与经济性状)与对照三月茄基本一致，说明遗传性稳定，不会因为抗病性的突变而影响到其它性状的表现。通过对突变体142—E与对照三月茄的细胞学分析，表明其核型均属Stebbins的“2A”类型，核型公式为：2n=2x=24=22m+2sm(SAT)，从而也证明该突变体产生后代的遗传性稳定。更多还原

【Abstract】 Verticillium -wilt is one of the main diseases of eggplant. Shorting of excellent resistant resources, it is slowly getting on in the resistance breeding field of eggplant to resist to Verticillium -wilt. By using the cell engineering technology, in vitro selection for resistant mutant will provide excellent resistant materials in the diseases resistant breeding of eggplant, therefore it is significant in theory and practice.In this experiment, the stem apexes of eggplant variety,SANYEAQUE, were served as experiment material treated with Co60-/ - rays,NaN3,EMS from 1998 to 2002, and the main experiment results showed:1. The better medium (PDA) for producing toxin, the method to inject toxin, and the selection pressure of toxin have been determined.2. The technology system for selection eggplant mutant to resistant to Verticillium wilt in vitro culture has been established.3. The mutant to resistant to Verticillium wilt of eggplant has been obtained, and designed as 142-E.The level of resistant to Verticillium wilt of eggplant is better than that of control, SNAYEAQUE.4. The obvious difference appeared between obtained mutant and wild control SANYEAQUE, when making a comparison of electrolyte permeability of host, the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) and esterase isoenzymes,thus indicated that the level of mutant to resistant to Verticillium wilt of eggplant has developed in some extends.5. The characteristic of mutant 142-E has few changed except the shape of leaf, comparing with that of the control SANYEAQUE.On the other hand, the analysis of cytology(chromosomes) indicated that the type of cell core is 2A of Stebbins, and the formula is 2n=2x=24=22m+2sm(SAT), as same as those of control SANUEAQUE. All of these showed that the genetic of regenerated plants of mutant 142-E is steady.更多还原