记忆负载对返回抑制的影响

【作者】 陈骐；

【导师】 张明；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 返回抑制(inhibition of return，IOR)是在外源性空间选择性注意领域内发现的一种对于提高人类注意搜索效率有重要作用的抑制机制。本研究采用5×2的被试内实验设计，使用常用双字词或不规则空间图形作为记忆负载材料，通过探讨视空间和语义通道内的注意资源的限制对IOR的影响的四个实验，来验证“IOR的低级成分不受一般性注意资源限制的影响和IOR的高级成分受一般性注意资源限制的影响”的假设。实验1A和1B的结果表明，在基于空间位置的简单检测任务中，返回抑制既不随语义通道内注意资源的减少而消失，也不随空间通道内注意资源的减少而消失。实验2A和2B结果表明，在基于客体特性的辨别任务中，返回抑制的高级成分既随语义通道内注意资源的减少而消减，又随空间通道内注意资源的减少而消减。因此，辨别任务中的返回抑制受一般性注意资源的限制。同时，实验结果还表明，返回抑制的高级成分对空间通道内的注意资源的需求要高于对语义通道内注意资源的需求。在文章的最后，针对本研究对于多个空间位置上返回抑制研究的意义进行了深入探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 Inhibition of return is a phenomenon which was found in the field of exogenous spatial selective attention and it plays an important role in promoting humanbeing’s spatial searching efficiency. By exploring the effect of memory load on IOR, 4 experiments systematically tested the hypothesis that the lower component of IOR is free of attention capacity limits, while its counter part is limited by the attention capacity. Experiment 1A and IB showed that IOR did not disappear with either the semantic or the spatial attention capacity reduction in the spatial-based simple detection tasks. While experiment 2A and 2B showed that the higher component of IOR disappeared with both the semantic and the spatial attention capacity reduction in the color discrimination tasks, so it is limited by the general attention capacity. Meanwhile the results also suggested that the higher component of IOR has much more demands on the attention capacity in the spatial channel than in the semantic channel. At last, the implication of these results to the research of IOR in multiple locations was deeply discussed.更多还原