焦化废水脱氮工艺与机理研究

【作者】 齐水冰；

【导师】 陈敏； 罗建中；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 环境工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以广钢焦化废水为研究对象，针对焦化废水难降解有机物及氨氮浓度高的特点，以水解酸化与改良SBR组合工艺对其进行处理研究。 首先通过水解酸化使某些在好氧条件下不易降解有机物变成小分子可降解物质，然后利用SBR操作灵活的特点，在硝化反应后增加反硝化，强化其脱氮功能，提高废水中氨氮去除率。水解酸化-SBR组合工艺能够将好氧与厌氧处理结合起来，发挥不同微生物所特有的优势，对同时去除高浓度有机物和氨氮有良好的应用前景。 本文通过实验确定最佳工艺参数，并对单一SBR反应器内进行硝化和反硝化的脱氮机理和影响因素进行了分析。旨在寻求一种处理焦化废水的合理工艺路线，为类似焦化废水处理工艺的改扩建提供一定的理论和实际设计参考数据。实验结果表明： 水解酸化预处理能够提高焦化废水的可生化性，本实验废水达到最大可生化性时间为4h；水解酸化预处理效果明显，较单独的SBR工艺而言，COD、氨氮去除率分别提高了13.2％、10.7％； 后续SBR的最佳工艺参数为：曝气(8h)+搅拌(3h)+曝气(4h)+沉淀(1.5h)+出水(0.5h)：不同外加碳源对处理结果有影响，试验中甲醇处理结果最好； 在单一的SBR反应器内进行硝化反硝化反应使得污泥驯化难度加大，对驯化前后菌种分离结果表明，驯化后菌种种类减少；共筛选出六株单一优势菌及一组合优势混合菌； pH在SBR去除有机物和脱氮过程中的变化规律与各反应紧密联系在一起。结果证明，在线检测pH能够较精确的确定曝气、搅拌时间，避免环境pH波动过大对硝化菌和亚硝化菌产生影响；进水氨氮和COD含量对环境pH有影响，进水有机物、氨氮浓度越高，则反应中pH变化幅度越大。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper used anoxic and improving SBR combined technology to study Guangzhou coke-plant wastewater, which is famous for its high concentration of COD and ammonia.First, we use anaerobe to change some hard to degrade organic compounds to small molecular and easy to decomposed organism, then, for SBR process can be manipulated vividly, we added antinitrification after nitrification to increase ammonia removal. Anoxic-SBR combined process can united oxic reaction and anoxic reaction, using the advantage of different microbes, which has a good applying prospect to remove high concentration COD and ammonia.We determinated optimum process parameter through experiments and analysed denitrification mechanism and effecting factors. This paper aimed at developing a reasonable process to dispose coke-plant wastewater, offering some theoretical and practical referencing data for changing and extending such process for wastewater like coke-plant wastewater. Experimental results show:Anoxic pretreatment can increase biochemical quality, time to gain the highest biochemical quality is 4 hours; the results of pretreatment are apparent, compare single SBR process, removal of COD and ammonia increased 13.2% and 10.7% respectively.Best processing parameter of post-SBR is: aeration(8h) +mixing(3h) +aeration (4h) +settling (1.5h) +drawing (0.5h); Different added carbon have effect on results, methanol proved to be the best among the experimental reagents.Nitrifying and dinitrigying in one SBR reactor increased the difficulty of taming. Separating the microbes of taming beginning and end showed that, sorts of microbes decreased; we screened six single and one associated microbes in all which had high degrading ability;The changing regular of during the remove of COD and ammonia in SI3R reactor connected closely with all reactions. That is: monitoring pH at all time can determinating the time of aeration and mixing accurately, so large pH motion can be avoided; COD and ammonia concentrat ion of influent have an effect on pH, it changes with their concentrations.更多还原