【作者】 唐平；

【导师】 周孝德； 魏茂基；

【作者基本信息】 西安理工大学 ， 水利工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 水库泥沙淤积是水利枢纽工程研究的重要内容之一，青铜峡水库库区淤积后滩地的围垦利用方式对水利枢纽工程的安全运行、效益发挥以及对周边环境的影响分析研究已引起各方面的关注。 本文从青铜峡水库泥沙淤积入手，分析水库泥沙淤积特性和库区围垦堤开发利用淤积滩地的现状，对防洪安全及工程安全的影响、侵占大量的有效调蓄库容、造成同级流量下水库水位抬升水库回水上延、对沿岸及过河建筑构成影响、因水位抬升致使库区周边灌区地下水排水不畅乃至倒灌而造成土地盐碱化、对水库库区大量淤积滩地无序围垦造成旅游资源破坏等五方面影响的定性分析，提出库区围垦堤是水库水位抬升的重要原因。利用数学模型分别对9个洪水流量级进行了水库沿程水面线计算分析，每个流量级分有围垦堤和没有围垦堤两个方案。定量地分析了围垦堤对同级流量下的库水位的影响，主要成果结论及建议如下： (1)2000m~3/时库区围垦堤对水库水位抬升最大，有无围垦堤水库水位差最大达到0.66m。 (2)2000m~3／s以时，围垦堤影响的水库水位抬高水位值随流量增大而增大差逐渐减少，在2000m~3／s以上时，水位已经超过围垦堤堤顶，围垦堤所引起的同级流量下水位抬高值逐渐减少。 (3)从计算的结果可知，由于水库库区围堤，直接影响到水库的正常行洪、工程的安全及效益的发挥，应加大水库的管理力度，贯彻落实上级有关水库清障的精神，清除库区障碍物，特别是西河口的围坝。 (4)水库库区的围垦，位置在水库库区18断面或其附近的“鸟岛”处。青铜峡水库库区是宁夏回族自治区重点旅游开发区，为加强旅游资源的开发，应对库区周边 西安理工大学工程硕士学位论文环境进行全面治理。 （5）水库库区的围垦堤，抬高水库水位的最大值为 0．66m，且为 2000m’儿的常年洪水，对库区周边环境的影响较大，因打坝筑堤缩小过水断面和行洪通道造成水库水位进一步抬升，致使库区周边灌区地下水排水不畅，乃至倒灌，型成士地盐碱化。对库区周边地区土地盐碱化，特别是当地居民宅基的浸蚀影响较大，虽曾过调查研究分析，还应进一步对当地地下水水位、出流以及宅基浸蚀危害的定量监测分析，加强系统治理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sediment silt up in reservoir is one of the important contents in key water control project, research on the effect and surrounding environment effected by patterns of enclose tideland forCultivation in key water control project, which has risen concerns of lots of departments.In terms of sediment silt up in Qingtongxia reservoir, this paper has analyzed the characters of reservoir sediment silt up and the situation of silt up flood plain usage in reservoir enclose tideland for cultivation dam. Qualitative analysis on the effect of flood control and engineering safety -, seizing lots of water conservancy effective adjust storage . then making waterLevel risen and reservoir backwater enlarged in the same flow level ? effect on beach and the buildings across river, soil salinization caused by flow from a lower to a higher place and unsmooth groundwater drainage destroy of travel resource caused by disorder enclose tideland for cultivation in reservoir silt up flood plain are given, then presents enclose tideland for cultivation dyke is important cause which water level rise in reservoir . Mathematical model is used to calculate and analyze water line in case of 9 kinds of flood flow levels respectively in reservoir. There are two programs including with enclose tideland for cultivation and without it in every flow level. Effecting of enclose tideland for cultivation on water level in the same flow level are quantitatively analyzed, the main achievement and suggestions are given as follows:(1) The water level rise is the most which effected by enclose tideland for cultivation dyke when flow is 2000m3/s, the max water level difference in case of enclose tideland for cultivation dyke or no arrives 0.66 m.(2) The water level ascending value effected by enclose tideland for cultivation dyke is reverse proportion to flows below 2000m’/s, water level has surpassed the top of dam when flow is above 2000m3/s, water level ascending value is declassing in the same flow level caused by enclose tideland for cultivation dyke.(3)The calculations tell us that the enclose tideland for cultivation dyke effect directly flood drainage , engineering safety and efficiencydevelopment in reservoir. So the management of reservoir should be strengthened, the spirit of clearing barriers given by superior should be carried out, clearing barriers in reservoir, especially the enclose dam in west river mouth.(4)The enclosing tideland for cultivation around the reservoir situated at 18 section in the reservoir or the "bird island" near it. The Qingtongxia reservoir is the important travel and cultivation zone in Nixia Hui autonomous region. In order to strengthen the cultivation of traveling resources, full environmental control should be taken around the reservoir.(5)The maximum water level risen by the enclose tideland cultivation around the reservoir is 0.66m, the responding quality is 2000mVs, which heavily effect the environment around the reservoir. The reservoir’ s water level is risen because cross section and flood canal become narrow, which caused by building dam, this makes groundwater unsmooth, drainage , even flow from a lower to a higher space and soil salinized. The soil surrounding reservoir salinized, especially, erosion effect upon the local foundations of a house is large. Although investigations are presented, quality monitor should be given to local groundwater level, flow and erosion damage on the foundations of a house, system manage is required.更多还原