【作者】 吴旋；

【导师】 颜文俊；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 随着科学技术的发展，生产系统规模日益扩大，结构日趋复杂，而且出现了许多“人造系统”，故障的发生也日益频繁。由于现代社会对系统可靠性的要求日益提高，故障诊断就显得尤为重要。但是许多系统特别是复杂系统中存在着大量具有异步性、离散化和事件驱动等特点的故障，使得传统的故障诊断方法难以有效进行。系统的复杂性以及故障的事件化特点更适合离散事件动态系统(DEDS)的概念来处理，而DEDS各个理论经过较长时间的发展，已经趋于成熟，所以基于离散事件动态系统的故障诊断方法就应运而生。虽然这类故障诊断方法出现不久，还有大量问题需要解决，但已经取得了丰富的成果。而且，基于离散事件动态系统的故障诊断方法已经广泛应用于计算机和通信网络、电力系统、集成电路制造、柔性生产线、间歇生产过程、多机器人的工作单元和高速公路的智能调度等领域。 基于DEDS的故障诊断方法是定性的方法。由于对DEDS研究是多层次的，有许多模型方法；所以基于DEDS的故障诊断方法也多种多样。本文以Sampath等人提出的诊断器理论为主线，对DEDS故障诊断理论的特征、性质、发展和应用作了比较深入的研究。文中的主要贡献有： 1．全面、系统地阐述了DEDS故障诊断理论的产生原因和发展过程，对目前DEDS故障诊断的众多有代表性的方法做了简要的介绍，并对DEDS故障诊断的优点和意义进行了阐述。而本文的研究是以监控器理论和诊断器理论为基础的，所以文中对这两个方面进行了比较详细的介绍。此外，我们也对DEDS故障诊断理论的应用做了一些讨论。 2．在文中所介绍的理论和方法的基础上，我们进行了一系列研究工作，并取得了如下成果： (1) 在监控器理论和分散监控方法的基础上，我们提出了用于全局目标分散监控的联合正态理论，该理论能较好的解决分散监控的实现方面的问题，而且对DEDS故障诊断理论研究也有一定的作用。 (2) 活跃诊断方法可以解决不可诊断系统的诊断问题，协调分布式诊断方法则解决具有信息分散特征的复杂系统的诊断问题。我们将分散监控、活跃诊断以及分散式诊断的结合起来，提出了分散活跃诊断的方法，较好的解决了原本不可诊断的信息分散系统的诊断问题。 (3) 我们还提出了一种针对一类大规模分布式系统的模块化诊断方法。该方法基于诊断器理论的，其模块化特征不但使得诊断器的构造不用考虑整个系统的情况，而且大 浙江人学顾士学位论义 大减少了系统构成的变化对已构建好的诊断器的影响。3，在论文的最后，我们对本文工作进行了总结，并介绍了DEDS故障诊断领域特别是监控 器理论这方面所存在的一些悬而未决的问题，最后对DEDS放障诊断领域的研究和应用 的前景进行了讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The scale of production systems becomes larger and the structure becomes more complicated with the development of science and technology. And many "manufacture systems" appears. Under this condition, faults occur more continually. Fault diagnosis becomes more important with the improving request of system reliability. But in many systems especially complicated systems a great deal of fault with the character of asynchronies, discrete and event-driven exist. These faults cannot be effectively diagnosed by traditional diagnosis method. The notion of discrete event dynamic systems (DEDS) is more adaptive because of the complexity of systems and event-driven character of fault. Having been developing for a relative long time, theories of DEDS are put forward. In mis way, fault diagnosis methods based on DEDS come into being. A large number of results have been get although these methods are still young and many problems are still in the scale. Furthermore, these methods have been widely applied in many fields, such as networks of computer and communication, power system, 1C manufacture, flexible manufacture, intermittent producing process, working units of multi-robot, intelligent attemperment of freeway, and so on.Methods based on DEDS belong to quantitative method. Researches on DEDS use many methods, which are based on models of different levels. Accordingly, there are numerous fault diagnosis methods based on DEDS.This dissertation concentrates on diagnoser theory initialized by Sampath, and discusses in relatively detail the features, properties, development and applications. The main contributions of the dissertation are as follows:1. First of all. it gives an overview of the emergence and the development process of fault diagnosis theories based on DEDS. Many results of these theories are also introduced. And the advantages and research meaning of fault diagnosis based on DEDS are expatiated. Furthermore, we describe supervisory theory and diagnoser theory in detail because the two theories are the base of this dissertation. Some discuss about applications of fault diagnosis theory based on DEDS is also in the dissertation.2. On the base of those theories and methods introduced in the dissertation, some researches have been carried out and the results gotten are showed as follows:(1) Based on supervisory theory and decentralized supervisory methods, we present a theory of united-normality, which is used for decentralized supervisory aimed at global objective. This theory is helpful to solve some problems about the application of decentralized supervisory and researches of fault diagnosis theory based on DEDS.(2) Active diagnosis method can be used to diagnose systems that are not diagnosable, while the specialty of coordinated decentralized fault diagnosis method is diagnosis of complicated systems with the character of information decentralize. So we present a fault diagnosis method. Decentralized supervisory, active diagnosis and decentralized diagnosis are all integrated into this method. Having those theories and techniques, this method can effectively solve the diagnosis problem of those information-decentralized systems that are not diagnosable.(3) We present a modular approach for diagnosis in large distributed systems. This approach is based on the diagnoser theory. Because of modularity, the whole system need not be thought of when diagnosers are constructed or used and changes of components in the system have a lot smaller effect on existing diagnosers.3. At the end, we summarize the whole dissertation. And some problems in the scale about the realm of fault diagnosis based on DEDS are introduced. Finally, we discuss the researches and applications foreground of this realm.更多还原