【作者】 左国防；

【导师】 杨武；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 分析化学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文共分四章：第一章：树状大分子是通过支化基元（多功能基单体）逐步重复地反应得到的具有树枝状高度支化结构的大分子。这类化合物的尺寸、形状以及功能基团均可在分子水平上精确控制，因而是单分散性的。树状化合物因其特殊的分子结构吸引了研究者们的普遍关注。把手性基团引入到树状大分子的构建中，进而研究这类化合物的结构和特性更是该领域中一个富有挑战性的新课题。人们发现其在分子免疫、药物传输、材料设计以及分子识别和分子自组装等方面显现出广阔的研究和应用前景。本章主要对手性树状大分子的分类及合成方法进行了综述，并对部分手性树状大分子的性质及应用也作了简要论述。第二章：以吡啶2，6—二甲酸为核基元，以各种手性氨基酸作为构筑基团，通过发散法，合成了一系列新化合物，并对其进行了详细的表征。新化合物具有吡啶及氨基酸的基本结构，是一类新型的胺羧型配体，有望在分析化学中得到重要的应用。第三章：使用荧光光谱法，研究了新合成的化合物2，6—吡啶二甲酰（氨基酸）胺与部分过渡金属离子及稀土离子的配位性质。发现在pH=2.0-12.0以及溴化十六烷基吡啶存在下，该化合物可以和铜离子形成稳定的配合物，其最大激发和发射波长分别位于310nm和420nm，组成比为2：1（铜离子：配体）。当铜离子的浓度介于1.1μg/ml-32.0μg/ml范围时，配合物荧光强度与铜离子<WP=7>浓度呈良好的线性关系，线性方程为F=0.44757+3.98388CCu2+ (10-3mol/L)。通过新化合物与铜离子的配位反应，初步考察了新试剂的配位特征。第四章：以与树状化合物结构相似的氨基乙酸邻苯甲酸作为配体，考察了它和部分过渡金属离子的配位反应。发现在中性到弱酸性介质中并且在溴化十六烷基吡啶存在下，配体和铜离子可以形成稳定的配合物，其组成比为 1 : 1，最大激发和发射波长分别位于351nm和427nm，此配合物可以使配体荧光定量猝灭。通过研究，我们建立了一套新的微量铜离子的分析方法（线性方程：, 线性范围：1.7(10-7 mol/L - 2.0(10-5 mol/L），最小检出限为10.0ng/ml，应用于实际样品，效果良好更多还原

【Abstract】 There are four parts in this paper ：Chapter Ⅰ：Dendrimers are perfect monodisperse macromolecules with a regular and highly branched three-dimensional architecture,. These kinds of compounds are produced in an iterative sequence of reaction steps and their dimension, shape and functional units can be precisely controlled. So they have attracted more and more attentions because of their unique structures and properties. Especially their chiral counterparts have been found many potential applications such as novel materials, molecular recognition and self-assembly as well as molecular immunity and drug delivery and so on. Here, the synthesis and types of the chiral dendrimers were reviewed and their properties and applications have also been described in detail. Besides, the prospect of this research was evaluated as well.Chapter Ⅱ: In this section, a series of chiral compounds with pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid as core and various of amino acids as branch units have been synthesized and characterized with some conventional optical and chemical analytical techniques such as Infrared Spectroscopy, 1HNMR Spectrum and Elemental Analysis and so on. These new compounds possess both the basic structural characteristics of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid and amino acids, so it is possible that they can be used as the new analytical reagents.Chapter Ⅲ: The complexation reaction of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic- (L-glutamate ethyl ester)-amide (L) synthesized in ChapterⅡand some transition metal ions or rare earth ions were studied with spectrofluorimetry. In the pH range of 2.0-12.0 and in the prescence of CPB, copper ion could form a stable complex with L having a mole ratio of 2:1 .The maximum excitation and emission wavelengths were 310nm and 420nm, respectively. Under selected experimental condition, the fluorescence intensity was a linear function of the concentration of copper in the range of 1.1μg-32.0 ?g/ml. The regression <WP=5>equation of the calibration curve is F=0.44757+ 3.98388CCu2+. Many common foreign ions were tested, and it was found that some metal ions interfered the determination of copper ion.Chapter Ⅳ: In the neutral to weak acid medium and in the prescence of CPB, a fluorescence quenching system of copper with phenyl-glucine-o-carboxylic acid was studied. The excitation and emission wavelengths are 351nm and 427nm respectively. The composition ratio of copper to ligand in the complex was found to be 1:1. The relative fluorescence intensity is directly proportional to the concentration of copper in the range of 2.0×10-5 mol/L-1.7×10-7 mol/L with a regression equation ΔF= -0.024+0.51924CCu2+, and the detection limit is down to 10.0ng/ml. Many foreign ions were also tested. This method has been successfully employed to determine micro amount of copper in practical samples更多还原