【作者】 单浩明；

【导师】 沈华；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 液化气运输船在其靠港装卸货物和海上运输过程中存在着很多事故的隐患，其危险性主要是由于液化气本身的低温、高压、易燃和易爆等特性所致。本文对液化气货品在其装卸作业中和海上运输中的安全问题进行了深入的分析和研究。 惰化是液化气船装卸货中一个重要的环节。本文通过对惰化置换的方法及其使用惰气量的分析和计算，给出了相关的计算公式，并结合货品的可燃图对安全装卸货物的工艺流程进行了分析和探讨，避免了在装卸货物的过程中潜在的的燃烧和爆炸危险，为保障操作安全提供了相应的依据。 本文应用热力学原理，对液货舱预冷过程中的热交换进行了理论分析和计算，推导了液货舱的预冷时间的计算公式，对于装货的生产过程有一定的参考价值。 充装过量造成满液危险是导致液货舱爆炸的主要原因。本文应用了气体力学方程和材料力学理论知识，对充装过量导致过高的液货舱压力进行了理论分析，对比保留有气枕时的液货舱的压力增量和充装过量时造成满液的压力增量，并结合IGC规则对充装极限的规定，提出了不同温度下的安全货液充装量的计算方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because Liquefied Gas’ own characteristic, such as low temperature, high pressure, inflammability and explosibility, there are many hidden dangers in handling the liquefied cargo and shipping at sea. This thesis studied deeply in the safety of LG handling process and shipping at sea for LG carriers.Inerting is a important link of LG handling process. This thesis provided some correlative formulas for the replaceable method of inerting by analyzing and calculating it. Also, analyzed and probed into the technological process by using flammability diagram to avoid the hidden dangers of fire and explosion. These will offer relevant foundation for the safe operation.This thesis used the theory of thermodynamics to analyze the exchanges of quantities of heat and calculated some formulas of the using time when cool down. The result can give a reference value for practical operation.Overloading can result in a full container’s danger that the container will explode. This thesis used aerodynamics equation and mechanics of materials knowledge analyzed the high pressure caused by overloading in terms of theory. By compared the increment of pressure in a not full container with the full one and combined with the IGC-CODE, this thesis put forward a method of calculating safe loading capacity under different temperature.更多还原