【作者】 何丰伦；

【导师】 陈雄章；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 人类社会历史向前发展的主轴纵向上表现为生产力的发展，横向上表现为交往的发展。纵横两个方向上的动力推动着历史的车轮滚滚前进，把民族间、地区间的历史熔铸为统一整体的世界历史。20世纪50年代后，世界历史的发展进入到被人们广泛认定的“全球化时代”，推动人类历史画卷不断向纵深发展的生产力和交往的形式和内容，已经和正在发生巨大变化。对这一历史发展趋势进行认真的思考和研究，成为当今学术界的热门课题。本文从世界历史即从生产力和交往发展的角度来认识和研究全球化时代，把中国史和世界史的研究结合起来，以加深对当代世界的理解，并对中国在这一浪潮面前战略选择进行理论与历史的宏观透视。 文章共分三个部分，分别从“理论与世界历史的思考”、“全球化时代世界历史的新发展”、“半个多世纪以来中国迈向全球化进程的世界历史反思”三个层面进行论述。 第一部分：世界历史与全球化：理论与世界历史的思考。 这部分主要是进行理论上的探讨，核心是找出从世界历史发展角度研究全球化课题的理论支点。文章认为世界历史具有相互联系的三层涵义：人类社会在物质生产力发展的基础上不断向前进步的历史；人类社会相互之间交往关系的日益发展；就其特质而言是指1500年以来资本主义生产方式日益向各国扩展的进程。从这三层涵义上看，生产力和交往是推动世界历史发展的两大杠杆。全球化包括客观现实、主观战略和主客观相互作用这三个层次相互促进、共同作用的内容及其结果，核心是生产力发展基础上交往关系的空前活跃。 在阐述世界历史与全球化基本概念的基础上，文章研究了两者之间的辩证关系，认为全球化是对世界历史的继承，其继承性主要表现为：广泛的区域生产力和生产关系集团继承的是世界历史发展中生产力的发展和交往的扩展；资本主义体系的变异和社会主义模式的发展是对世界历史多模式、多元化趋向的历史继承；对资本主义世界基本矛盾的继承。 为了使人能够清楚地了解本文的理论与学术意义，文章总结和归纳了前人与当今国内国际学术界在世界整体与全球化研究上的一些主要成果和观点。马克思、恩格斯从整体世界发展的角度出发，认为只有对整个资本主义世界体系进行否定，新的社会制度才能问世；列宁则从帝国主义发展的特定阶段出发，认为在整体资本主义体系中存在着薄弱环节，存在着在社会主义在一国范围内首先取得胜利的可能性。西方学术界对全球化时代从宏观到微观上对这一时代已经和正在发生的各种变化进行了论述。国内学术界则侧重于从发展动力、中国与全球化关系等方面进行论述。在对前人研究进行考察的基础上，笔者认为，从世界历史发展角度研究全球化具有理论和方法论优势；可以把中国史和世界史的研究结合起来；可以更加探刻地揭示出事情本身发展的内在规律和联系；既可以发挥世界历史学科重视整体发展研 究，探求各国社会发展共性的优势，又可以发扬中国史学界重视个体发展研究的优势；历史 科学涵盖范围广、联系层次宽的特点，为这种研究联系提供了重要的学科前提。 第二部分：全球化时代世界历史的新发展。 这部分着重围绕世界历史发展的两大杠杆——生产力的发展和交往的发展——研究全 球化时代世界历史的出现的各种新特征。 文章首先探讨了历史发展的两大杠杆得以产生深刻变革的整体世界背景，即时代发展主 题由帝国主义与战争革命向和平与发展的转变。这一主题的实现，得益于：成熟的资本主义 经济形态为这一主题的奠定创造了条件：民族国家争取经济发展良好环境的举措，为这一主 题的转变提供了基础；社会主义的兴起，推动着这一主题的实现。文章以欧洲地区20世纪 前后50年的发展进行个案比较分析，从中透视这一主题在世界转变的实现。 从生产力发展的层面上看，整体世界经济获得了前所未有的发展：世界经济的发展日益 依靠知识、信息和科技的推动；生产模式和管理方式发生了新变化：经济发展的整体性趋势 更加明显。 从交往发展的层面上看，全球化时代的交往关系也出现了不同以往的新特征：安全全球 化改变了过去以民族国家为基本交往单元的发展态势；传统的主权观念与民族国家的发展进 程产生了不可避免的矛盾；国际组织在全球化进程中的作用不断加强，全球性问题的出现是 产生这一现象的根源；全球性国际组织的广泛建立和民族国家的参与，推动着国际组织力量 的壮大；作为交往基础形式的民族间、国家间的竟争内容和方式也发生了变化。 第三部分，半个多世纪以来中国参与全球化进程的世界历史反思。 文章力求把世界史和中国史的研究结合起来，从中透视中国社会在全球化时代战略选择 的必然性。文章认为，从世界历史发展的宏观高度上看，半个多世纪以来中国参与全球化时更多还原

【Abstract】 The principal motive power of human society going forward usually is concluded in two methods: the productive forces expanding in longitudinal development and the communication expanding in lateral development. The two impetuses mentioned above push the wheel of the history is advanced, which melt the history among nations and regions into a unitary world history. After the fifties of the 20th century, the world history entered upon anew phase what was defined as the era of globalization. For the gale of the great changes happening to productive forces and communication, cogitating the tendency about the world history in deep is now becoming a hot issue in academic circles. The paper links the Chinese history with the world history to comprehension, from the view of productive forces and communication, what the era of globalization is about, hoping to get a deeper understanding to the present world and make a discussing of Chinese strategic options with the theory and history in macro perspective.The paper is to be divided into three parts, analyzing the topic in different arrangements what they are: the consideration of the theory and world history, the new development of the world history in the era of globalization and the introspection of China’s participation in the globalization from the latter half of 20th centuryFirst part: the world history and globalization, the consideration of the theory and world history.The core of this part is attempting to discourse the skeleton of globalization from the development of world history angle, which achieve a goal to explore the theory. The paper discuss that the world history is possessed of three reciprocal connotations, mentioned following: the history of human society going forward constantly on the basis of the expansion of material productive forces; the extension of communication in human society; the course of capitalistic cost mode spreading out various countries from 1:500 year. In the three senses brought up above, it is two levels that productive forces and communication propel the development of world history. Globalization should be the content and resuit affected by objective reality, by subjective desire and by mutual-effect between the two, its heart is unprecedented development on the basics of productive forces.The paper studies the dialectical relationship. between the world history and era of globalization on the base of their fundamental concepts, which considers that the world history is succeeded by the era globalization. The succession mainly expresses as following: both the3development of productive forces and intercourse expansion are inherited by the extensive region productivity and the group of productive relations within the development of world history. Besides, the radiation on the capitalism system and the development of socialism model succeed the diversified forms of multi-variant of world history when deriving from the fundamental contradiction of capitalism world.In order to explain the theory & academic significance, the paper sums up the achievements and views advanced by the predecessors and the present academic circles. For instance, Max and Engels believe that the new socialist system will not be born until the whole capitalistic system is denied, what’s more, Lenin find out the weak link that exists in the capitalistic system, results in the successful of socialist within a certain counUy. In addition, the western academic circles expound the relationships in the era of globalization both in macro and micro angle, while the domestic academic circles put particular emphasis on the motivation and the connection with China and globalization. Building on the achievements obtained by the predecessors, the writer establishes an idea that there are more superiority in theories and methods, if we research the issue from the angle of the world history. Because there are three aspects at least worthy of listing that the research of the Chinese history and world history can be reinforced ea更多还原