【作者】 徐孝勇；

【导师】 戴思锐；

【作者基本信息】 西南农业大学 ， 农林经济管理， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文所提“创新”是指经济发展中的制度变革和技术进步，将新制度和新技术引入经济领域，对生产要素进行创造性地重新组合，使各生产要素之间互补和匹配，从而使经济系统的整体功能发生质的跃变。凉山自秦汉时期纳入中央统一建制以来就具备作为一个区域整体的自然、经济和人文特征。创新是推动观念落后、制度建设滞后、技术创新乏力、经济发展水平低而资源禀赋优越的凉山区域经济发展的现实选择和重要举措。将创新与凉山经济发展结合起来加以研究的目的是探讨创新与凉山经济发展的内在联系和如何运用创新来推动凉山经济追赶型、跨越式发展和可持续发展的模式、方法和途径。而区域经济则是指一个地缘整体或行政区域的经济规模、经济发展水平、经济结构、经济制度等因素综合而成的经济状况和形势。区域经济发展则是运用各种手段、方法和措施来推动一个区域的经济增长和经济发展。创新是经济发展的客观要求、源泉和动力。区域经济发展是一个“动态的过程”、“可以定义为执行新的组合”，也就是创新。一般来讲，创新主要包括制度创新和技术创新。区域经济发展不平衡，是大国经济的一个共同特征，也是我国的一个基本国情。凉山作为我国西部民族地区之一，其经济发水平与我东部地区经济发水平的差距巨大，同时凉山区域内部经济发展不平衡的状况也很突出。缩小凉山整体经济发展水平同东部先进地区的差距和缩小凉山区域内部经济发展差距已成凉山经济发展的当务之急。然而，如何消除区域经济发展不平衡，实现一国或一个地区经济的协调发展，是当今全世界共同面临的一个难题。目前，世界上许多国家或地区采用创新理论和与之相关的方法和措施来解决区域经济发展不平衡问题和消除区域经济发展差距问题，并用之指导和推进一国或一个地区经济的协调发展和可持续发展。就中国而言，消除我国东西部经济发展差距和实现地区经济的协调发展，已成为我国当前经济工作的重要目标和主要任务。为此，中国政府在20世纪末提出了西部大开发战略，希望通过该战略的实施来实现我国东西部经济协调发展的目标。但是，凉山如何借国家实施西部大开发战略的契机来推动经济发展呢?我国政府强调“西部大开发，西部人要转变思维方式，用新思维、新方法、新机制，以新姿态对应于西部大开发”。江泽民同志也强调：“创新是一个民族进步的灵魂，是一个国家兴旺发达的不竭动力”。这些提法和主张，为人们指出了西部大开发的思路，即我们可以用创新来推动西部大开发和西部地区经济发展，尤其是用创新来推动经济文化更为落后、但天赋资源丰富的西部民族地区之一的凉山地区的开发和经济发展。 随着知识经济的兴起和发展，我国西部地区，尤其是民族地区（包括凉山地区）的区域经济发展面临着严峻的挑战。这些挑战集中体现在：西部面临着与东部地区经济差距进一步扩大；西部许多地区、尤其是民族地区，除了面临从农业经济向工业经济过渡、实现工业化的任务，又面临着知识经济发展的挑战；西部民族落后地区面临着高新技术发展和技术进步加快的挑战，知识经济的兴起，技术产业化周期和技术产品市场生命周期的进一步缩短，使西部民族落后地区靠引进技术和资金赶上发达地区的难度提高，“后发优势”的作用减弱；国内外金属矿产品、能源和原材料供给的相对过剩，致使西部民族地区的天赋资源优势相对减弱；西部民族地区面临着发展经济所需的资本、技术、人才、信息和管理方法等资源匾乏的严峻形势；西部民族地区面临制度建设和制度创新的挑战。总之，西部民族地区如不认真对待以上挑战，消除阻碍区域经济发展的因素，将会导致东西部地区经济差距的进一步扩大，将会使西部民族地区无法实现区域经济追赶型、跨越式发展的目标。 西部大开发是在我国社会主义市场经济体制条件下展开的，需要与之相适应的新理论、新思路、新机制和新举措。目前，西部许多地区，尤其是民族地区还未从整体的、系统的角度来开展各项创新工作，消除制约西部民族地区经济发展的障碍，进而推动区域的开发和区域经济的发展。为了分析、研究和解块该问题，笔者以凉山彝族自治州为例，从系统的角度探讨创新与凉山州经济发展的问题。凉山在区域经济发展过程中不仅面临着资金、技术、人才、管理经验等资源的严重匾乏，而且还存在观念落后、制度建设滞后、社会人文环境差、技术创新乏力、传统文化束缚等因素的影响。因此，凉山经济发展中的创新应包括以下六个方面的内容。一、观念创新。观念创新是指摒弃狭隘的民族意识和区域观念、不重视科教观念，树立起新的资源优势、大团结、大开放、科教兴凉、市场经济、可持续发展、重视人文环境建设和法治等观念。观念创新是凉山经济发展的前提和先导。二、生产环境创新。生产环境创新是利用创新理论和相关的方法和措施来推进凉山的生产环境建设，为区域经济发展开创良好的生产环境。进行生产环境创新，开创良好的生产环境是区域经济发展的先决条件和保障条件。生产环境创新包括基础设施建设创新、生态环境建设创新、经济理论创新和投资环境创新。三、制度创新。更多还原

【Abstract】 Innovation is the reform o.f system and the improvement of technology, and is to introduce new inventions into the economic fields to reunite production factors to make them harmonious, so as to make economic system functions better. Liangshan has possessed die characters of the nature, the economic and the social culture since Qin Dynasty and Han Dynasty when Liangshan became an administrative region of China. Innovation is the reasonable choice and the most important measure to push the development of regional economic development of Liangshan which is to face with the backwardness of thought, the backwardness of systematic construction, the lack of technological innovation and the low level of economic development, but is abundance in natural resource. The purpose of combining innovation with Liangshan economic development is to study the internal connection between innovation and Liangshan economic development, and to find the measure, the way and the model of realizing die "leap-over" development, the "catch-up" development and the sustainable development of Liangshan economic by putting to use innovation. Regional economics means the economic conditions and surroundings of an area or of an administrative region that are based on the results of multiple factors of the economic scale, the economic level of development, the economic structure and the economic factors. Regional economic development is to use all kinds of economic measures, methods and actions to enable a regional economic increase and development Innovation is the objective demands, the source and the motive force of the development of economy. Regional economic development means a "Mobile Process" and "may implement new constitution ", named innovation. General speaking, the main contents of innovation include the systematic innovation and technological innovation. Unbalanced development of regional economic is the common character in economy not only in big powerful countries, but also in our country. As an area of out country western national minority area, the economic divide between Liangshan and the eastern area of China is very big and the unbalanced economic development in Liangshan region is very clear. So, how to shorten the economic divide between Liangshan and the eastern area of China and how to realize the balanced development in Liangshan region have become the most important development aim at present. How to eliminate regional unbalanced economic development to gain a harmonious development in a country or in a region has become a common problem of the whole world. Nowadays, many countries or regions in the world have been starting to resolve the problems of regional unbalanced economic development and the gap of economic development with new theories, new methods and new actions, and to push economic harmony and sustainable development of a county or a region. For China, to eliminate the economic gap between the western area and the eastern area has become the main task and the important aim of present economic work and economic development So, Chinese government, at the end of 20th century, has announced the present strategy of Western Exploration, and hopes to realize the aim of harmonious development between the west and the east by carrying out the strategy. However, how to push further development of Liangshan economic during the process of carrying out Western Exploration? Chinese government emphasizes that in order to carry out Western Exploration, western people need to change the ways of thoughts, and to use the new thoughts, new methods, new systems and new posture to meet the Western Exploration. President Jiang Ze-ming also emphasized "innovation is the spirit of a nation, and the power of a nation’s prosperity ". All these ideas direct the way of Western Exploration for people. Namely we can use innovation to push the process of Western Exploration and die economic development of western area of China, especially to use innovation to push die process of the exploration and regional economic development of Lian更多还原