生产力价值论

【作者】 丁社教；

【导师】 来兴显；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 在纷繁复杂的新旧交替时代，产生了诸多相异甚至相斥的价值观念，其冲突成为人们普遍关注的焦点。 要正确认识和解决价值观念冲突问题，就应该对价值观念发生的源头——生产力进行必要的考察。生产力是人类在社会实践活动中所表现出来的与自然、社会、他人及自我进行物质、能量和信息交换进而解决人与自然、社会、他人及自我之间矛盾的能力。人的自身生产力、物质生产力和精神生产力既是生产力的三种类型和三个方面，又标志着生产力的三个不同发展阶段。 在价值观系统中，生产力是诸多价值观建立和发展的基础，因此也成为衡量各种价值观念是否具有合理性以及具有多少合理性的基本价值标准。 在认识和把握生产力这一基本价值标准的问题上，存在着两种形而上学的错误：一是夸大生产力在社会生活中的地位和作用，把生产力这一基本价值标准推向极端，当作最高的甚至唯一的价值标准，从而在理论上走向马克思主义创始人所明确批判过的经济唯物主义，在实践上沦为社会达尔文主义。二是离开生产力这一基本价值标准，抽象地谈论人权、民主等政治价值，抽象地宣扬文化的差异性和价值观的相对性，在理论上走向否认价值标准客观性的虚无主义，在实践上成为强行推销其价值观念的霸权主义的工具。 邓小平同志立足现代中国实际，提出了“三个有利于”标准，为建立科学合理的生产力价值观奠定了基础，江泽民同志的“三个代表”思想为社会主义社会的经济、政治和文化的建设、发展与进步提出了相互区别又相互统一的价值标准，把社会主义社会的基本价值目标与理想价值目标统一起来。两代领导人创立、发展和完善了马克思主义的生产力价值学说，为社会主义社会价值观的形成、发展、完善和弘扬提供了科学的理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are many different and even rejected value ideas in our time when the new alternates with the old. Confliction of value ideas go forth general attention. If we want to recognize and solve the problem of confliction in value ideas, we must research into the source of productive forces. Productive forces are the abilities which shows in social practice, by exchange among human and nature, and society, and other people, and self. The human being’s productive forces, material productive forces, spiritual productive forces are not only types and aspects, but also three different stages of the development of productive forces. In the system of value ideas, productive forces is the basis. So productive forces become the basic criterion to judge whether value ideas is rational or irrational, and how much ration it has. There are two wrong metaphysics in recognizing and mastering productive forces which is the basic value criterion. One is to exaggerate productive forces. position and fimction, to push productive forces to extreme and regard productive forces as the only value criterion. As a result of bringing about economic materialism on theory which has been criticized by founder of Marxism and social Darvinism on practice. The other is to talk about human rights, democracy and political value so on without productive forces, to advocate the differences of culture and relativity of value ideas. At last bring about nihilism which deny objectivity of value criterion on theory and become the means of hegemonism who selling their value ideas by force. Standing on the reality of modem China. Comrade Deng Xiao Ping put forward “three benefits”criterion which build up the basis of scientific and rational productive forces?value idea. Jiang Ze Mm’s “three represents”shows different and united value criterion of building up, development, improvement of economy, politics, and culture in socialist society, uniting the socialist basic value objectives and ideal value objectives. The two leaders set up, develop and improve Marxist productive forces axiology. bringing about scientific idea basis of the set up, development, improvement and carrying forward of socialist society’s value idea.更多还原