淀粉接枝三元共聚吸水缓释胶囊的研究

【作者】 秦川丽；

【导师】 张连生；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 一种能够缓慢地释放其吸存的水溶液中有效成分的功能胶囊最近越来越多地受到人们的关注。根据荷载水溶液的种类，此种功能胶囊可应用于许多领域。如果能够延长水溶液中有效成分的释放时间，那么它们就能够更有效地被利用。将合成的吸水树脂吸收水溶液凝胶化后再用固体粉末包裹，这种方式能够有效地延长水溶液中有效成分的释放时间。 本论文通过反相悬浮聚合法合成一种表面光滑致密的、淀粉接枝的丙烯酰胺—丙烯酸—丙烯酸钠三元共聚珠状吸水树脂。该吸水树脂吸收某种物质水溶液后成为一种水凝胶。然后再用氧化锌粉、轻体钙粉，硅灰石粉，树脂细粉对吸液后的凝胶进行表面包裹处理，合成一种具有隔离表面的装载水溶液的缓释胶囊，并对其缓释情况进行测定。该胶囊主要吸存一定浓度的尿素水溶液，作为一种缓释尿素胶囊。使用该种缓释尿素胶囊可减少一次性施尿素造成的尿素挥发损失、空气污染、利用率的降低等问题；具有缓慢释放尿素水溶液的优越性。 本论文通过泡沫体系聚合法合成表面多孔的、淀粉接枝的丙烯酰胺—丙烯酸—丙烯酸钠三元共聚吸水树脂。该树脂可以吸收生物钾酶、ABT生根粉等活性剂水溶液，能够保持活性剂的活性和有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 A functional gelatin capsule having the properties of retardative releasing some effective components from its absorbed previously aqueous solution of the effective components is more attractive recently. The gelatin capsule can be used in many fields based on the different aqueous solution absorbed previously by the capsule. If the retardative time of the releasing effective components might be enhanced, during a certain period, then they can be used more effectively. It might be useful way of enhancing the retardative time of the releasing effective components, that the synthesized water-absorbing resin while absorbing aqueous solution gels and then is callous by covering with shields made of some certain powders. In this paper a water-absorbing bead resin, having smooth and compact surface, composed of ternary copolymer of AM-AA-AANa grafted onto starch is synthesized by using inverse suspension polymerization and While absorbing aqueous solution, the synthesized resin gels to form a gel. Then the gel is callous by covering with shields made from powders of zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, blangel, resin powders to form the retardative releasing gelatin capsule. The retardative releasing properties are examined. The gelatin capsule mainly absorbs urea aqueous solution of a certain concentration and is used as a retardative releasing urea-capsule. Using the retardative releasing gelatin capsule can solve the problems, such as urea抯 volatilization loss, air pollution, decreasing of use efficiency. And the gelatin capsule has the superiority of retardative releasing urea aqueous solution. In this paper a water-absorbing resin, having rough and porous surface, ?II ? composed of ternary copolymer of AM-AA-AANa grafted onto starch is synthesized by using foam polymerization The capsule can absorb active reagent aqueous solution, such as potassium enzyme solution, AIBT solution, and keep them effective.更多还原