【作者】 张薇；

【导师】 王维娜； 王安利；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 水生生物学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文分别研究了日本沼虾对于不同盐度环境（7、14和21‰）和不同pH（5.6、6.6和7.6）的适应性。结果表明，盐度对水体环境的渗透压有显著影响。日本沼虾主要通过离子调节来适应不同的盐度环境的变化。随着盐度的升高，日本沼虾体内的Na~+，K~+—ATP酶的活力升高，钠、钾、氯离子的含量增加，离子调节能力加强。日本沼虾的离子调节方式为高渗调节。盐度对日本沼虾的生长影响不大，在7～21‰的盐度范围内日本沼虾均可以正常生长。值得注意的是，在中等盐度环境下（14‰）日本沼虾的蜕皮率低于低盐度环境（7‰）和高盐度环境（21‰），而存活率却高于这两个盐度环境。在14‰时日本沼虾的血糖含量、血中蛋白含量、RNA含量均显著高于7‰和21‰，说明日本沼虾在此盐度环境中生长状况较好。较低的pH（5.6和6.6）在极大程度上抑制了Na~+，K~+—ATP酶的活力，从而也就影响了体液离子的平衡。酸性环境（pH5.6和6.6）对日本沼虾的生长和生存很不利，表现在存活率、体内血糖含量、蛋白含量、RNA含量很低。日本沼虾在pH7.6时的存活率、血糖含量、蛋白含量、RNA含量最高，由此我们可以认为日本沼虾比较适应与pH7.6的水体环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 Two experiments were conducted on the research of the adaptability of M.nipponense to different salinity and pH. Mnipponense were raised in salinity O%o, 7%o, l4%~ and 21%o and pH value of 5.6 6.6, 7.6 respectively for 14 days. The result clearly showed that the salinity have significant influence on the osmotic pressure. M nipponense adapted to the salinity by ionic regulation. The survival rate was not affected by external salinity. The content of ion and the activity of Na~, K~- ATPase were increased as external salinity was rise. At salinity of 1496o M.nipponense had the highest growth. In comparison to pH 7.6, pH 5.6 and 6.6 did harm to the growth. They inhabited the activity of Na~, K~-ATPase greatly, and the content of Na~, K~, C1 was decreased with the declination of pH. Furthermore the content of protein and glucose in blood and RNA were very low.更多还原