【作者】 罗跃初；

【导师】 杨仁斌； 曾清如；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 环境工程， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文参照最新文献报道的方法制备了两种高水溶性的β-环糊精（β-CD）衍生物：羟丙基-β-环糊精（HPCD）和羟乙基-β-环糊精（HECD），研究了β-CD、HPCD和HECD对三种疏水性有机农药（甲基对硫磷、呋喃丹和五氯酚）的增溶作用，并以甲基对硫磷为例，研究了β-CD、HPCD和HECD对农药生物毒性的影响。主要的研究结果如下： 在所研究的β-CD浓度范围内，呋喃丹和五氯酚在水中的溶解度随溶液中β-CD浓度的增加而呈线性增大。在25℃时，在6g/l的β-CD水溶液中，五氯酚和呋喃丹的溶解度比它们在纯水中的溶解度分别提高了3.76倍和1.76倍，而甲基对硫磷在水中的溶解度随溶液中β-CD浓度的增加表现为先增大后又下降。 三种农药在水中的溶解度随溶液中HPCD和HECD浓度的增加而呈线性增大。在25℃时，在75g/l的HPCD水溶液中，甲基对硫磷、呋喃丹、五氯酚的溶解度比它们在纯水中的溶解度分别提高了61.9、6.0、27.02倍；在60g/l的HECD水溶液中三种农药的溶解度比它们在纯水中的溶解度分别提高了29.62、3.59、23.56倍。由于HPCD和HECD比β-CD在水中的溶解度要大得多，因而HPCD和HECD对农药的增溶效果比β-CD的增溶效果更显著，这一现象对于甲基对硫磷表现特别明显。 β-CD、HPCD和HECD对疏水性有机农药的增溶作用主要是由于β-CD、HPCD和HECD与农药形成主—客体包合物，而使农药在水中的溶解度增加。决定包合物能否形成及其稳定性的首要因素是农药分子的几何形状与环糊精分子空腔结构的匹配程度，其次是农药的疏水性。 甲基对硫磷原药、β-CD与甲基对硫磷的包合物、HPCD与甲基对硫磷的包合物、HECD与甲基对硫磷的包合物对蝌蚪在相应各个处理时间的LC₅₀比较接近，特别是它们96小时的LC₅₀非常接近。这说明，β-CD、HPCD和HECD的加入并没有影响甲基对硫磷的生物毒性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the methods that the recent references reported, two high soluble derivatives of P -cyclodextrin( P -CD), hydroxypropyl- P -cyclodextrin (HPCD) and hydroxyethyl- P -cyclodextrin (HECD), were prepared in this paper. The effects of P -CD, HPCD and HECD on the solubilization of three hydrophobic organic pesticides (methyl parathion, carbofuran, pentachlorophenol) and the biotoxicity of methyl parathion were investigated. The main results are as follows.The solubilities of pentachlorophenol and carbofuran were linearly increased with increasing P -CD concentration. At the temperature of 25癈, in 6g/l P -CD solution, the solubilities of pentachloropenol and carbofuran were increased by 3.76 and 1.76 times respectively. But the solubility of methyl parathion was increased originally and then decreasd with increasing β-CD concentration.The solubilities of three pesticides were linearly increased with increasing HPCD and HECD concentration. In 75g/l HPCD solution, the solubilities of methyl parathion, carbofuran and pentachloropenol were increased by 61.9, 6.0 and 27.2 times respectively. In 60g/1 HECD solution, the solubilities of three pesticides were increased by 29.62, 3.59 and 23.56 times respectively. HPCD and HECD are higher soluble than P -CD, so the solubilization effects of HPCD and HECD on the pesticides are more significant than that of P -CD. This phenomenon is especially obvious for methyl parathion.The solubilization effects of β-CD, HPCD and HECD are caused by formation of inclusion complexes of hydrophobic organic pesticides with P -CD, HPCD or HECD. The degree of solubilization power is first depended on the degree of fitness of pesticide structures with the cavity of β-CD and then the lipophilisity of the pesticides.The LC50S of methyl parathion and the inclusion complexes of methyl parathion with P -CD, HPCD and HECD to tadpole at various relative treatments were close. Especially their LC50s of 96 hours were very close, which revealed that the addition of P -CD, HPCD and HECD had no effects on the biotoxicity of methyl parathion.Author:Luo YuechuD i rected by: Professor Yang RenbinAssociate Professor Zeng Qingru更多还原