【作者】 王彦芳；

【导师】 门正明； 刘丑生；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 动物遗传育种与繁殖， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）对甘肃黑猪合成系37头猪转铁蛋白（Tf）、前白蛋白（Pa）、后白蛋白（Po）、脂酶（Est，E.C.3.1.1.1.1-8）、淀粉酶1（Am1）、淀粉酶2（Am2）、铜兰蛋白（Cp）7个蛋白质基因座进行了检测，并对其多态性与其生产性能的关系作了分析，对血浆磷酸肌酸激酶（Creatine phosphokinase，CK）的活性与肉品质的关系进行了探讨，还对肉品质进行了灰色关联与模糊综合评判的综合评定。 根据检测结果来看，7个基因座均呈现出不同程度的多态现象。其中，除Tf有3个等位基因，5种基因型外，其余各基因座均受2个等位基因控制，形成3种基因型。经卡方检验，除Tf、Pa和Am1处于Hardy-weingerg平衡状态外，其余各基因座均处于不平衡状态。由树状聚类图可知，甘黑合成系猪与甘黑Ⅰ系和原群的遗传距离较近，与Ⅱ系的遗传距离较远。 应用线性模型对甘肃黑猪的蛋白质多态型对其部分生产性能做了效应估计与显著性检验。Am1AA型对初生重的效应值最高，达到0.277kg（P＜0.05），即Am1AA型个体的初生重显著高于其它基因型个体的初生重。PaAA型个体的早期日增重显著高于其它基因型的早期日增重，效应值达到0.06235kg（P＜0.05）。TfBB型的猪眼肌面积显著小于其它型的猪，其效应值为-14.716cm²（P＜0.05）。TfAB型的皮厚最大，其效应值为0.208mm（P＜0.05）。后两种血浆蛋白位点可作为遗传标记应用于辅助选择，即在留种时，此两类基因型的个体应少选留。 用荧光分光光度计测定了血浆磷酸肌酸激酶（CK）的活性，结果表明，它的活性随着猪的体重上升而上升，且与肉质指标有密切的相关关系。可通过血浆中CK的活性来预测猪的肉品质优劣并将其作为育种生产测定指标之一。关于肉质的综合评定方法，模糊综合评定值比灰色关联度更能作为一个相对客观的指标来反映肉品质的优劣程度。预测肉质的最优数学模型为： Y=0.933-0.0399X₁-0.0123X₂+0.0243X₃-0.00136X₄-0.024X₅ 式中：Y=FSD值，X₁=pH，X₂=肉色，X₃=大理石纹，X₄=失水率，X₅=贮存损失可以将此模型推广到甘肃黑猪上加以利用，该值愈大，肉质愈好。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to provide the scientific foundation for the further selection and breeding of Gansu black pig, the relationships between blood protein polymorphism and productivity of Gansu black pigs(n=37) were analysed, the association of enzyme activity (Creatine phosphokinase, CK) with their meat quality were investigated and meat quality were valued by grey relation analysis and fuzzy synthetical determination. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was used to analyse the polymorphism of seven blood protein loci of Tf, Pa, Po, Es, Aml, Am2, Cp. All loci have 2 alleles which include 4 genotype except Tf which have 3 alleles, include 5 genotype. Tf.Aml and Pa are in the Hardy-weingerg balance while the others are not. Genetic distance from the investigated pigs to I strain and originally populations is shorter, and it is longer to II strain. The linear model was conducted to estimate the effect of protein polymorphism on the productivity and test the significance The results revealed that the birth weight of pigs with Am 1 AA genotype is highest, and its effect value reaches 0.277kg (P<0.05). Daily gain of live-weight with PaAA genotype is higher than others significantly, its effect value reaches 0.06235kg(P<0.05).The eye muscle area of TfBB pig is smaller than others significantly, and its effect value is ?4.7 l6cm2 (P<0.05) .The skin thickness of TfAB pig is deeper than others significantly, its effect value is 0.208mm(P<0.05). TfBB and TfAB could be looked as the genetic markers for Marker Assisted Selection (MAS). CK enzyme activity was determined by Fluorescent spectrophotometry. Rresult showed that activity of CK increases with the increasing of bodyweight and have the close relationship with the meat quality. CK activity can predict the meat quality and it could be looked as one of the indexes in pig breeding. As to the method of determining the meat quality, method of the fuzzy synthetical determination is better than the method of grey relation degree objectively. The best correlation model of predicting the meat quality was constructed, which is: Y=0. 933. 0399X. 0123X2. 0243X30. 00136X4. 024X5更多还原