【作者】 方晓军；

【导师】 李岳云；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 国际贸易， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 本文借助农业普查资料并结合农村住户调查资料以及问卷调查表，划分了四种类型农户，并对江苏省农户的现状作出了分析，指出在农村住户中，农业户仍占绝对多数，但以农业为主的农村住户已下降至一半左右；而非农户作为一个新兴的独立群体已经从传统的住户中分化出来；随着非农产业的发展，兼业户呈现上升趋势，其比重超过纯农户的比重。接着，对农户的规模进行了分类。在此基础上，本文从两方面对农户的经营行为进行了比较分析。首先，从不同经营规模的角度，对各种类型农户的经营行为特征进行分析。实证研究表明：小规模的农业户，市场应变能力弱，非理性成分高；且因资金缺乏，影响其长期经营行为；同时，也不利于农业技术的推广和创新，从而阻滞农业现代化的进程；中小规模的企业型农户，经营不规范，缺乏企业内和行业间的规模效应。接下来，作者对各种类型农户相互间的经济差异进行比较分析。实证研究表明：随着兼业化的程度提高，农业尤其是种植业逐步丧失作为农民收入的主体地位；农户经营分化的结果，在一定阶段造成投资过于分散，不利于产业水平的提高；农户普遍兼业，导致土地流转的停滞和小规模经营格局的凝固化，不利农业机械、技术的革新；农村劳动力择业意向非农化，导致农业的高素质人才大量流失。在本文的结尾部分，作者侧重于对农业兼业行为效果进行分析，指出兼业是对劳动力的优化配置；但兼业存在固化倾向，长远来看，不利农业的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on information from the general survey on agriculture, investigation and questionnaire on rural household, the paper divides rural household into four types and analyzes the present condition in Jiangsu Province. Firstly, it points out that the majority of the rural household belongs to farmer household, but only about half of the farmer household deals in agriculture. As a newly-founded group, those don deal in agriculture have been separated from the traditional rural household. With the development of non-agricultural industry, multi-business household tends to increase in amount and surpass the amount of farmer household only deals in agriculture. Secondly, it categorizes the household on scale. Thirdly, the paper compares and analyzes the features of household management behavior from two aspects rom management scale and financial difference between different types of household. The empirical study on the first aspect shows: household with relatively small management scale is slow in response to the changes in market. And its shortage of fund influences its long-term project negatively, hinders the popularization and innovation of agricultural technology and lead to the stagnation of agricultural modernization. Enterprises household with medium or small scale runs the enterprises as they please. Thus they lack inter-business and inter- industry scale effect. That on the second aspect shows: with the development of multi-industrialization, agriculture, especially planting is losing its major means for income. Household deal in different kinds of industry results in the dispersion of investment and does nothing good to the increment of the industry. When the rural laborers choose non-agricultural jobs, there are much fewer high-qualified personnel engaged in agriculture. So the paper analyzes the effect of agricultural multi-industry and gets to the conclusion at the endulti-industry can efficiently disperse the labor but it has the tendency of ossification; thus a disadvantage to the development of agriculture.更多还原