【作者】 樊景凤；

【导师】 王君伟； 刘宝全；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 预防兽医学， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 鸭病毒性肝炎（DVH）是由I型鸭肝炎病毒（DHV-I）引起的雏鸭高度致死性、传播迅速、严重危害养鸭业的重要传染病之一。根据鸭病毒性肝炎主要感染1月龄的雏鸭，尤其以2周龄以内的雏鸭最易感这一特点，在本试验中用Nobilis Duck Hepatitis（stammE.53）疫苗株免疫种鸭，使雏鸭获得天然被动免疫。在此基础上，用血清学方法检测种鸭和雏鸭的DHV-I抗体水平，及其消长和转移规律。 本试验用中和试验和补体结合试验进行血清抗体的检测。用9日龄非免疫鸭胚繁殖病毒，将病毒致死的鸭胚打碎，用其组织匀浆液的上清做中和试验的抗原；用氯仿去脂、PEG浓缩、差速离心的方法提纯病毒，用作补体结合试验的抗原。 本试验用中和试验检测种鸭免疫后抗体的消长以及雏鸭母源抗体的动态变化。试验结果表明，在种鸭第一次免疫后4周内没有检测出中和抗体，直到第二次免疫后1周检测出中和抗体滴度为1.15lg（下同），到第4周中和抗体可达2.28。第三次免疫后4周中和抗体高达2.80。用中和试验检测雏鸭的抗体变化，在1周内由1日龄的2.28迅速下降到7日龄的1.54；在第二周抗体下降减慢，到14日龄抗体水平为1.44；19日龄已下降到1以下。 本试验首次运用补体结合试验对抗鸭肝炎病毒抗体进行了检测。补体结合试验在第一次免疫后2周即可检测出补体结合抗体，其效价为1.67log₂（下同）；第二免疫后17天可达4.67；第三次免疫后4周高达7.17。用补体结合试验未能检测出新生雏鸭的母源抗体。 比较中和试验和补体结合试验的结果表明：中和抗体与补体结合抗体的变化趋势呈平行关系，但是补体结合抗体的检出早于中和抗体。 攻毒试验结果表明：雏鸭在2周龄内中和抗体水平为2.28～1.44时，可以完全抵抗1.000EID₅₀DHV-I强毒株161/79/V的攻击。更多还原

【Abstract】 Duck viral hepatitis (DHV) caned by duck hepatitis virus-I is highly mottal disease and spread rapidly in ducks, and has become onc of the most inpoilant diseases which freaten duck h2dwtzy recently. DHV-I mainly infects one-month-old ducldings especially two-week-old ducldings. In this researeh, Vmis stmin-Nobilis Duck Hepatitis (stanunE.53) was wed to immunize breed ducks, and the duddings acquired natural passive inununity Semlogical diagnostic methods e wed to detect the I)HV-I antibody level of ducks and diddings, mid study the alternation of DH V-I antibody. 9-day-old nornmmunized duck emb.s e used to propagate DHV-lafter injection of vinzs ,the dead embryos caused by DHV-I are broken into pieces, supeinatant of homogenized tissue was prepared as the antigen of neutralization tesis,The virus purified by deducting fat with cblomfonn concentrated with PEG and diflbreniial cenlrifiigalion was prepared as the antigen of complement fixation te~ Nwblizaticm test was used to detect the dynamics of antibody in immunized ducks and maternal antibody in ducklings. 11~ results suggested that no antibody was detected within the 4 weeks after the fli~ nmimizatiom, until fr first week after the second innnunization, the neutralization antibody was detected aid the titer wasl.15 1g. The antibody titer was 2.28 lg at thefoutlhweekaftuthesecond and280lgatfrlburdiweekafterfrthiiti immunization. 11~ antibody of duddings at one-day-old was 2281g. and decreased to 1.54 Ig at sevendaysold. Theantibodytiterofduddinpat l4dayswas 1.44 lganddecreasedto 1.00 Igat 19 days old. The complement fixation test was firstly applied to detect anti-DHV antibody. Complement fixation antibody can be detected at two weeks after the first immunization, and antibody titer was 1.67 logs anU1~ody titer increased to 4.67 log2 at 17 days after the second immtmization; and died to 7.17 log2 at fore weeks after the third immunization. 11~ results demonstrated that complement fixation test not suitable fbr antibody detection of ducklings. The comnparision of the results of neutralization test with complement fixation test indicated that the altanatiom of antibody titer were parallel, but the detection of complement fixation antibody is earlier than tlut of neutralization antibody. The results in this research indicated: When antibody titer of duddings was between 228 ig aid 1.44 lg ,the duckling can completely iesistto challenge of virulent sbin-161/79/V(EID~l.OO0). MtediySdue MajorProf. Wang Jun wei更多还原