【摘要】 思想政治教育是教育强国建设的生命线。提高思政引领力、建设高质量思想政治教育体系要以习近平总书记关于思想政治教育的重要论述为思想指导和根本遵循。从国家治理、教育规律角度，基于要素分析，思想政治教育体系可以划分为本体论、方法论、主体论、实践论，分别对应是什么、怎么办、谁来做、如何做的问题。本体论是思想政治教育的内容，体现为理想信念、社会主义核心价值观、中华优秀传统文化和时代精神，党史、新中国史、改革开放史、社会主义发展史，思想政治理论与法治知识等。方法论既体现为知情意行相统一协同推进思想政治教育，具体为政治方向与人民中心、理论创新与思想实际、统筹谋划与个性指导、主体引导与对象主动相结合；也体现为以亲和力和针对性为基石创新方式，具体为读书学习法、知行统一法、文化熏陶法与榜样教育法等。主体论是思想政治教育的主体，要建设高素质的思想政治教师队伍，从政治、情怀、思维、视野、自律和人格等方面提升综合素养，推进知行合一。实践论是思想政治教育的路径，体现为加强党对思想政治教育的全面领导，优化思想政治要素、提升育人成效，以改革创新推进思想政治教育高质量可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ideological and political education serves as the lifeline for building an educational powerhouse. Enhancing the leadership of ideological and political education and constructing a high-quality ideological and political education system must be guided by General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important expositions on ideological and political education, which constitute both the ideological guidance and the fundamental guideline. From the perspectives of national governance and the laws of education, and based on an element-based analytical framework, the ideological and political education system can be divided into four dimensions: ontology, methodology, subjectivity, and praxeology, corresponding to the questions of “what it is”, “what should be done”, “who should do it”, and “how it should be done”. Ontology defines the content of ideological and political education, encompassing ideals and beliefs, core socialist values, fine traditional Chinese culture, the spirit of the times, the histories of the Communist Party of China, the People’s Republic of China, reform and opening-up, and the development of socialism, as well as ideological and political theories and the rule-of-law education. Methodology is manifested in two aspects. Firstly, it promotes ideological and political education through the coordinated advancement of the unity of cognition, emotion, will, and action, specifically combining political orientation with a people-centered approach, theoretical innovation with students’ ideological realities, overall planning with personalized guidance, and educators’ guidance with learners’ active participation. Secondly, it innovates approaches with affinity and relevance as the foundation, including methods such as reading and learning, the unity of knowledge and action, cultural edification, and role-model education. Subjectivity focuses on the implementers of ideological and political education. It requires building a high-caliber ideological and political education teaching workforce, improving their comprehensive qualities in terms of political stance, commitment and sentiment, thinking ability, vision, self-discipline, and moral integrity, and promoting the unity of knowledge and action. Praxeology refers to the pathways of ideological and political education, which involve strengthening the Party’s comprehensive leadership over ideological and political education, optimizing key elements of ideological and political education to enhance education effectiveness, and advancing the high-quality and sustainable development of ideological and political education through reform and innovation.更多还原