【摘要】 以苯胺和黑磷（BP）为原料，通过原位聚合法制备了聚苯胺（PANI）/BP复合材料，并以该复合材料作为负极材料用于锂离子电池，组装了半电池和全电池，研究了PANI含量对电池的循环伏安特性、交流阻抗性及电池的循环性稳定性等电化学性能。结果表明，采用原位聚合法能够制备结构均匀的PANI/BP复合材料，PANI包覆在BP颗粒表面，且与BP有较强的结合，具有化学惰性的PANI涂层既保护了BP不被氧化，同时限制了BP的结构膨胀；PANI/BP复合材料导电性随着PANI含量的增多而增强，PANI提高了电池的电导性。在循环测试中，含量为20%（质量分数，下同）的PANI/BP复合电极的比容量最好，在4 A/g的电流密度下循环1 000圈后，比容量达到794.7 mAh/g。更多还原

【Abstract】 Polyaniline(PANI)/black phosphorus(BP) composites were synthesized via in situ polymerization, using ani??line as the monomer and BP as a functional filler. Both half??cells and full??cells were assembled with the PANI/BP com??posites serving as the anode material for lithium??ion batteries. The effect of PANI content on electrochemical perfor??mance was systematically investigated through cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and long??term cycling stability tests. The results confirm the successful fabrication of PANI/BP composites, with PANI uniform??ly coating the surface of BP particles and forming strong interfacial interactions. The electrochemically inert PANI matrix effectively mitigates BP oxidation and suppresses its large volume expansion during lithiation/delithiation. Electrochemi??cal characterization revealed that the electrical conductivity of the composites increased with higher PANI content, there??by enhancing overall electrode conductivity. In cycling tests, the composite containing 20 wt% BP delivered the best per??formance, achieving a high specific capacity of 794. 7 mAh/g after 1 000 cycles at a current density of 4 A/g. These find??ings highlight the potential of PANI/BP composites as high??performance, stable anode materials for next??generation lithi??um??ion batteries.更多还原