【摘要】 目的 探讨神经外科护士遭遇工作场所暴力时的应对体验，为预防、应对和减少工作场所暴力伤害提供依据，并为相关卫生行政部门制定保护性政策提供参考。方法 2024年11月至12月采用目的抽样法选取华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院神经外科16名具有暴力冲突处理经验的护理人员作为研究对象，采用现象学研究方法，通过半结构化深度访谈收集资料，运用Colaizzi七步分析法进行系统分析。结果 提炼出4个核心主题和13个副主题：（1）暴力暴发期的多重情绪交织，包括愤怒与委屈、恐惧与紧张、内疚与自责、职业认同耗竭；（2）应对中的防护与心理调适，涵盖即时回避与紧急求助、冷静与自我克制、支配与对抗；（3）对团队及组织支持的渴望，包括团队协作与互助、管理者的重视与关怀、心理创伤的制度性修复与支持机制；（4）暴力冲突后续的心理重塑与提升，涉及情绪自我修复、认知转变与升华、经验积累与成长。结论 神经外科护士面对工作场所暴力时的应对体验具有复杂性与多样性。医疗机构及相关政策制定者应采取有效措施为其提供全方位的支持和帮助，以增强护士应对暴力冲突困境的能力，促进其职业发展与心理健康。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the coping experiences of neurosurgical nurses when encountering workplace violence, providing a basis for preventing, responding to, and reducing harm caused by workplace violence, and offering references for relevant health administrative departments to formulate protective policies. Methods From November to December 2024, a purposive sampling method was used to select 16 nursing staff with experience in handling violent conflicts from the Department of Neurosurgery at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology as research subjects. A phenomenological research method was adopted, and data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, followed by systematic analysis using Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis method. Results Four core themes and 13 sub-themes were identified:(1) Interwoven emotions during the outbreak of violence, including anger and grievance, fear and tension, guilt and self-blame, and depletion of professional identity;(2) Protection and psychological adjustment in response, encompassing immediate avoidance and emergency help-seeking, calmness and self-restraint, and dominance and confrontation;(3) Longing for team and organizational support, involving teamwork and mutual assistance, managers’ attention and care, and institutional repair and support mechanisms for psychological trauma;(4) Psychological reshaping and improvement following violent conflicts, including emotional self-repair, cognitive transformation and sublimation, and experience accumulation and growth. Conclusion The coping experiences of neurosurgical nurses facing workplace violence are complex and diverse. Medical institutions and relevant policymakers should take effective measures to provide comprehensive support and assistance, enhancing nurses’ ability to cope with violent conflicts and promoting their professional development and mental health.更多还原