【摘要】 在严寒地区，部分建筑使用覆盖土壤的方式应对严峻的气候条件。但相关研究中，覆土方式同室内温度和能耗之间的影响关系并不十分明晰。本文通过调整覆土厚度、位置等条件，研究覆土方式对提高冬季建筑室内平均温度、降低采暖季平均能耗的影响。结合清水河博物馆的模拟与实地测量双重判断研究，探寻每种建筑覆土方式对室内温度调控的作用效果，总结不同覆土方式对节能效果的影响规律。结果表明：建筑顶部覆土节能效果最显著，全覆土西南向敞开节能效果次之，侧面覆土为墙体高度3/4西南向敞开节能效果略次于前两者。基于前述研究，希望能够为分析严寒地区覆土方式对建筑室内温度和能耗的影响关系提供一定理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Buildings in severely cold regions face long and harsh winters, leading to significantly higher heating demands compared to those in milder climates. To address these extreme conditions, some buildings adopt earth-covering techniques, which involve using soil as a thermal insulator. Existing qualitative and quantitative studies on soil-covered buildings at home and abroad are mostly focused on mild climate or arid and hot regions, while quantitative studies on soil-covered buildings in cold regions are relatively few and there are fewer studies on the effects of different soil-covering methods on the indoor thermal environments and energy consumption of buildings. The thermal and physical properties of soil in the study of soil-covered buildings have already been maturely studied, this paper, on the basis of existing studies on soil-covered buildings, studies the relationship between the average indoor temperature in winter(referred to as index Ⅰ) and the average energy consumption in the heating season(referred to as index Ⅱ) under the regulation of buildings without active equipment and different methods of cladding by adjusting the cladding method, with the aim of analyzing the influence of each cladding method on the control of indoor temperature and energy saving, and finding out the effect of different cladding methods on the indoor thermal environment and energy saving. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of each cladding method on indoor temperature control and energy saving, and to find out the optimal cladding method for energy saving. The study area was chosen in Inner Mongolia, which is a typical cold climate zone, and buildings with large spaces have high heating energy consumption due to their large volume. The research objects are selected from the completed large-space cladding buildings in Inner Mongolia, including Hohhot Sculpture Art Museum, Shengle Ancient City Museum, Qingshuihe Museum, and Hanshan Ecological Museum, etc. Qingshuihe Museum, which has complex geographic and climatic conditions and adopts cladding to directly enclose the large space, is selected as the research object, and the influence of different cladding methods on the energy-saving performance of the large-space cladding buildings is investigated through the simulation and analysis of energy consumption. Combining the double judgment study of simulation and field measurement of the Qingshui River Museum, the study explores the effect of each cladding method on indoor temperature control and summarize the influence of different cladding methods on the energy saving effect. Taking the Qingshui Museum as the simulation object, the original simulation model is simplified to extract the simulation prototype for simulation and analysis in EnergyPlus. The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of different cladding methods on the average indoor temperature and average energy consumption of the building in winter and the heating season, so all the variables in the simulation process are only the cladding methods, and the settings of other parameters are the same. Cladding methods Referring to the results of existing research on cladding methods, the cladding methods studied in this paper are categorized into full cladding, side cladding and top cladding. In addition to analyzing the temperature control and energy saving effects of each cladding method when applied alone, the temperature control and energy saving effects of different open surfaces are also analyzed when cladding the top of the building is combined with the other two cladding methods. The indoor temperature and heating season energy consumption of each cladding method were simulated and analyzed in the simulation platform EnergyPlus, and the results were compared and verified with the winter indoor temperature measured by the museum and the energy consumption calculated based on the heating design parameters to verify the accuracy of the simulation analysis. The results show that: the top of the building covered with soil has the most significant energy-saving effect, and should be considered as a priority; the energy-saving effect of fully covered with soil and open to the southwest is the second most significant, and should be used as an alternative when the conditions are suitable; the energy-saving effect of the side covered with soil and open to the southwest of 12 m is slightly inferior to the first two, and should be used as the last option. Based on this study, it is hoped that it can provide some theoretical basis for analyzing the relationship between the cladding method on the indoor temperature and energy consumption of buildings in cold regions. In addition, the study has certain limitations. Firstly, the simulation study is based on a single model for a specific climate region, and the applicability of the conclusions to other climate regions needs to be analyzed in depth. Secondly, the generalizability of the conclusions obtained from the single model is relatively poor, and although an equal area simulation is introduced at the end of the paper for verification, it is still necessary to continue to make up for the deficiencies in the subsequent studies.更多还原