【摘要】 为了满足消费者对杧果的多元化需求，开展杧果地方种质资源的遗传多样性分析和建立优异种质的综合评价模型，为杧果优异种质准确评价奠定基础。以广西百色市的D5等50份杧果种质资源为试材，调查比较成熟期，测定比较单果质量等11个果实品质指标，并进行主成分分析。结果表明，供试种质果皮颜色、成熟期、单果质量、可溶性固形物、类胡萝卜素含量呈正态分布，果实纵横侧径、可溶性糖、可滴定酸、固酸比和糖酸比呈偏态分布。可滴定酸含量变异系数最高，为83.85%；其次是单果质量，为69.66%，及类胡萝卜素，为60.19%；果实横径变异系数最低，为18.70%。主成分分析和综合评价发现，S194、D95、台农杧、D37、H4、D73具有较高的综合品质（Dn>1.00），开发利用价值较高；D95单果质量较大；S194的可溶性糖含量最高而可滴定酸含量较低，单果质量仅低于D37和D35，口感酸甜适中，果实大小合适，可确定S194、D95为目标优株。另外，D28类胡萝卜素含量显著高于其他种质，具有较高的开发价值。说明广西杧果地方种质资源果实性状存在丰富的多样性，今后杂交育种工作中，可利用主成分分析和综合评价模型为杧果优株筛选和育种材料确定提供参考，加快培育适宜当地产业发展的杧果优异种质。更多还原

【Abstract】 To meet the diversified consumer demands for mango,the genetic diversity of local mango germplasm resources was analyzed,and a comprehensive evaluation model of elite germplasm was established,providing a theoretical basis for the accurate evaluation of superior mango germplasm.Fifty mango germplasm accessions including D5,from Baise City,Guangxi,were used as test materials.The maturity period was investigated and compared,and 11 fruit quality indicators including single fruit weight were determined,and principal component analysis was carried out.The results showed that the pericarp color,maturity period,single fruit weight,soluble solids content(SSC),and carotenoid content of the tested germplasm followed a normal distribution,while the longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,lateral diameter,soluble sugar content,titratable acid(TA)content,SSC/TA ratio and sugar/acid ratio showed a skewed distribution.The coefficient of variation of TA content was the highest(83.85%),followed by single fruit weight(69.66%)and carotenoid content(60.19%),and that of the fruit transverse diameter was the lowest(18.70%).Comprehensive evaluation and principal component analysis showed that S194,D95,Tai Nong Mango,D37,H4 and D73 exhibited relatively high comprehensive quality(Dn>1.00),and high potential for development and utilization.The single fruit weight of D95 was the largest.S194 exhibited the highest soluble sugar content and relatively low titratable acid content,and its single fruit weight was only lower than that of D37 and D35,with a moderately sweet and sour taste,and appropriate fruit size.Therefore,S194 and D95 were identified as target elite accessions.D28 had a significantly higher carotenoid content than other tested germplasm accessions,demonstrating high development potential.These findings indicated that the diversity of fruit traits in local mango germplasm resources was very rich.In future hybridization breeding programs,PCA and the comprehensive evaluation model can be used as references for screening elite mango accessions and selecting breeding materials,thereby accelerating the cultivation of superior mango germplasm suited to local industry development.更多还原