【摘要】 随着全球储能需求激增,钠离子电池(SIB)因显著的成本优势而备受关注。正极作为电池的核心功能部件,是影响电化学性能的关键因素。当前的SIB正极材料如层状氧化物和普鲁士蓝类等在结构稳定性等方面存在不足。相比之下,磷酸铁基聚阴离子型(IPBP)正极材料因独特的多阴离子诱导效应,展现出优异的结构稳定性和长循环寿命。此外,钠(Na)和铁(Fe)资源的丰富储量赋予了IPBP基SIB远低于锂离子电池的成本优势,展现出规模化应用潜力。然而钠离子较大的半径提高了离子迁移势垒;同时,IPBP材料在导电性和能量密度方面存在局限。针对上述问题,研究者们通过离子掺杂、形貌结构设计、界面工程以及综合措施改性IPBP材料,提升其电化学性能。本文综述了IPBP正极材料的研究现状及主要挑战,重点讨论了不同改性策略的作用机制及对电化学性能的提升效果,最后对IPBP正极材料的研究与应用进行了展望。此综述有望为IPBP基SIB正极材料的研究提供有价值的参考,推进SIB在储能系统中的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid growth of global energy storage demands,sodium-ion batteries(SIB) have attracted significant attention due to their remarkable cost-effectiveness.As the core functional component of battery,the cathode material plays a decisive role in determining the electrochemical performance.Currently,the main cathode materials for SIB,such as layered oxides and Prussian blue analogs,exhibit certain limitations in terms of structural stability.In contrast,iron phosphate-based polyanion(IPBP) cathode materials,with unique multi-anion induction effect,exhibit exceptional structural stability and long cycling life.Furthermore,the abundant reservation of sodium(Na) and iron(Fe) endows IPBP-based SIB with a cost advantage over lithium-ion batteries,positioning them promising candidates for large-scale applications.However,the larger ionic radius of sodium ions results in higher migration barriers,and IPBP materials exist limitations in conductivity and energy density.To overcome these shortcomings,various modification strategies have been proposed,including ion doping,morphological and structural design,interface engineering and integrated approaches,to enhance the electrochemical performance of IPBP materials.This review systematically summarizes the current research and main challenges of IPBP cathode materials,focusing on the mechanisms of different modification strategies and their impact on improving electrochemical performance.Finally,the future research and application prospects of IPBP cathode materials are discussed.This review aims to provide valuable insights for the research of IPBP cathode materials for SIBs and promote the application of SIBs in large-scale energy storage systems.更多还原