【摘要】 为了解海洋牧场对鱼类资源的生态效应，于2022年4月(春季)和2023年1月(冬季),在广西壮族自治区北海市银滩南部海域国家级海洋牧场示范区，通过底拖网调查评估了投礁区(鱼礁西侧毗邻海域)、辐射区和对照区的鱼类资源特征、生物多样性以及季节性差异。结果显示，投礁区鱼类种类数(春季35种、冬季39种)高于辐射区(春季1.06倍、冬季1.08倍)和对照区(春季1.52倍、冬季1.86倍)。二长棘鲷和鹿斑仰口鲾为两个季节的共同优势种，春季优势种还包括短吻鲾和竹■鱼，冬季优势种还有黑鲷、斑■和矛尾虾虎鱼。春季投礁区(H′=1.91)和冬季辐射区(H′=2.97)香农-维纳多样性指数达到峰值。资源密度呈现梯度递减趋势，春季质量密度从709.71 kg/km~2减小至370.29 kg/km~2,冬季从832.96 kg/km~2减小至305.57 kg/km~2;冬季投礁区数量密度(30.12×10~3尾/km~2)显著高于其他区域。研究表明，人工鱼礁显著促进了鱼类聚集，对资源恢复具有积极生态效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 To evaluate the ecological effects of marine ranching on fish resources, bottom trawl surveys were conducted in three habitats including reef zone(west artificial reefs adjacent to the sea),transition zone, and control zone in the National Marine Ranching Demonstration Area off Yintan, Beihai City, Guangxi in spring(April 2022) and winter(January 2023). Results showed that there was higher fish species richness(35 species in spring, and 39 in winter) in the artificial reef zones than those in the transition zone and control zone, as 1.06—1.08 times and 1.52—1.86 times as those in the transition zone and control zone, respectively. Paerargyrops edita and Leiognathus ruconius served as common dominant species across seasons, complemented by L. brevirostris and Trachurus japonicus in spring, and Acanthopagrus schlegelii, Konosirus punctatus,and Chaeturichthys stigmatias in winter. The Shannon-Wiener index peak was observed in the reef zone during spring(H′=1.91) and the transition zone during winter(H′=2.97), with biomass density gradient from the artificial reef zone to control zone: 709.71→370.29 kg/km~2(spring) and 832.96→305.57 kg/km~2(winter). Notably, winter number density in the reef zone(30.12×10~3 ind./km~2) was shown to be significantly exceeded that in the adjacent zones. The finding confirms that artificial reefs significantly enhance fish aggregation, which contributes to resource restoration through targeted habitat modification.更多还原