【摘要】 本文立足于我国企业年金制度配套所得税政策现实状况，引入个体异质性特征、养老政策和金融政策等多重参数，构建企业年金所得税政策效果精算模型，旨在用“个人终身养老纯收益”指标全面评估企业年金不同税收优惠模式下的所得税政策激励效果、收入再分配效果和总体效果，并进行税制要素的敏感性分析。研究显示：当前我国企业年金所得税政策总体效果以提升个体终身养老纯收益的激励作用为主，且激励效果与个体收入水平正相关。其中，中低收入群体的税收激励主要来自企业所得税政策，高收入群体则多受益于个人所得税政策。此外，在既定条件下，企业所得税税率下调、个人所得税免征额提高和劳动所得税目统一将对企业年金所得税政策微观效果带来负向冲击，而提高企业所得税税前扣除比例和引入TEE税收优惠模式将对低收入群体产生“靶向性”税收激励。因此，我国企业年金所得税政策优化应重点关注：提高税前扣除比例、构建税收补偿机制和拓宽税收激励路径，以巩固税收激励有效性；通过科学设定企业年金待遇的免税额和税前扣除项目，构建更加合理的税收扣除机制，以维护税收公平性；建立税前扣除共享机制和引入“EET+TEE”混合模式，以提高税收协同性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the current income tax policies supporting the enterprise annuity system, this paper establishes an actuarial model measuring the effects of such income tax policies by introducing multiple parameters including individual heterogeneity, pension insurance policies, financial policies and tax policies.It employs the indicator of individual lifetime pension net benefits to fully assess the income tax policy’s incentivizing effects, income redistribution effects, and overall effects of enterprise annuity under different tax preferential policies, and also conducts a sensitivity analysis of taxation elements.The study finds that the overall effect of enterprise pension income tax policies is primarily to motivate individuals to increase their lifetime pension net income, and that this effect is positively correlated with individual income levels.Among these, the tax incentives for middle-income and low-income groups primarily stem from corporate income tax policies, while those for high-income groups primarily originate from individual income tax policies.Additionally, reducing corporate income tax rates, increasing individual income tax exemption thresholds, and unifying labor income tax items will all have a negative impact on the microscopic effects of enterprise annuity income tax policies.In contrast, increasing the pre-tax deduction ratio for corporate income tax and introducing the TEE tax incentive model can strengthen targeted tax incentives for low-income groups.Therefore, in China’s new round of fiscal and tax system reforms, it is recommended to strengthen the effectiveness of enterprise annuity income tax policy incentives through lifting the pre-tax deduction ratio, establishing the taxation compensation mechanism and broaden the tax incentive channels; establish a more reasonable tax deduction mechanism to safeguard the fairness of enterprise annuity income tax policies through scientifically setting the tax exemption threshold for enterprise annuity benefits; and enhance the coordination of enterprise annuity income tax policies by establishing the pre-tax deduction sharing mechanism and introducing the EET+TEE hybrid model.更多还原