【摘要】 目的 通过研究紧急输血患者的临床特征、病种分布及红细胞悬液≥10 U患者的临床特征及病种分布情况，为完善紧急供血方案提供依据。方法 选择2024年5月—2025年4月期间4 157例上海各大医院紧急申请大量用血的患者数据进行统计分析。结果 三级甲等医院总输血量占比最多(48.79%,8 420/17 256.5)，红细胞悬液的输注各等级医院间没有统计学差异(P>0.05);各血液制品均为三级医院最多;输血患者中以产妇输血(19.07%,3 277.5/17 190.5)最多。在红细胞悬液≥10 U的紧急输血患者医院等级中，三级甲等输血量占比最大(47.19%,1 107/2 346)，病种方面，输血量(U )前三位病种分别是产妇输血(24.59%,572/2 326 )、消化疾病(14.53%,338/2 326)和肿瘤(14.19%,330/2 326)。结论 三级甲等医院是紧急输血的主要需求单位，产妇和肿瘤患者为核心用血群体，建议通过建立分级供血机制、制定单病种输血预案、推行血栓弹力图指导的精准输血，保障紧急输血的安全性、及时性和充足性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To provide evidence for improving emergency blood supply protocols by analyzing the clinical characteristics and disease distribution of emergency transfusion patients,especially those receiving ≥10 units of red blood cells( RBCs). Methods The data of 4 157 patients who urgently applied for large-volume blood transfusion in various hospitals in Shanghai from May 2024 to April 2025 were selected and analyzed statistically. Results Tertiary gradeA hospitals accounted for the largest proportion of total transfusion volume( U)( 48. 79%,8 420/17 256. 5),with no statistically significant differences in RBC transfusion volumes among hospitals of different grades( P > 0. 05). All blood products are most widely used in tertiary hospitals. Obstetric blood transfusion( U)( 19. 07%,3 277. 5/17 190. 5) was the most frequent. Among the hospitals of patients who received emergency blood transfusion with red blood cell suspension ≥ 10 U,tertiary gradeA hospitals also had the largest transfusion volume( U)( 47. 19%,1 107/2 346). In terms of disease types,the top three diseases in terms of blood transfusion volume( U) were obstetric transfusion( 24. 59%,572/2 326),digestive diseases( 14. 53%,338/2 326) and tumors( 14. 19%,330/2 326). Conclusion Tertiary grade A hospitals are the main demand units for emergency blood transfusion,with pregnant women and cancer patients being the core blood-using groups. It is suggested that the safety,timeliness and sufficiency of emergency blood transfusion be guaranteed by establishing a hierarchical blood supply mechanism,formulating single-disease blood transfusion plans and promoting precise blood transfusion guided by thromboelastography.更多还原