【摘要】 近几年来，我国职业足球俱乐部多面临生存困境。究其原因，是多数俱乐部面临盈利困难，较大程度依赖母公司资金支持。由此，推进俱乐部股权改革、改善俱乐部治理结构、提升运营管理能力、实现盈利多元化成为业界关注的焦点。通过系统诊断我国职业足球俱乐部股权结构失衡的风险与困境，论证股权改革的必要性与紧迫性，深入剖析改革过程中面临的历史遗留问题与体制机制障碍，指出我国职业足球股权改革需遵循“风险化解期—治理建设期—成熟发展期”的阶段性逻辑，动态平衡短期稳定与长期效率。在借鉴国际成功经验的基础上，构建了基于“有为政府”引导与“有效市场”调节相结合的股权改革推进框架与保障机制，为实现中国职业足球俱乐部的可持续发展提供了理论依据与实践路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, most professional football clubs in China have faced severe survival challenges. The root cause lies in the fact that most clubs struggle with profitability and rely heavily on financial support from their parent companies. Consequently, advancing equity reform, improving corporate governance structures, enhancing operational management capabilities, and achieving diversified revenue streams have become focal points of industry attention. By systematically diagnosing the risks and dilemmas arising from the imbalanced equity structures of Chinese professional football clubs, this study demonstrates the necessity and urgency of equity reform. It deeply analyzes the historical issues and systemic institutional barriers encountered during the reform process. The study posits that equity reform in Chinese professional football must follow a phased logic of “Risk Mitigation PhaseGovernance Construction Phase-Mature Development Phase”, dynamically balancing short-term stability with long-term efficiency. Drawing on successful international experiences, the research explores the construction of a framework and guarantee mechanism for equity reform based on the integration of “well-functioning government” guidance and “efficient market” regulation. This provides a theoretical basis and practical path for the sustainable development of professional football clubs in China.更多还原