【摘要】 综述了近年来用于收集风能的摩擦纳米发电机(TENG)在结构创新与应用领域的研究进展，介绍了TENG的四种基本工作模式、结构性能调控方法及在风能收集场景的应用方向。详细分析垂直轴式、水平轴式、旗型、颤动式、摇摆式结构的风能收集型TENG,总结它们将低风速气流、乱流风、全向风等不同形态风能高效转换为电能的技术方法与规律，比较各类结构的设计特点、风场适配范围及电力输出性能。最后，指出当前风能收集型TENG未能规模化应用的主要原因；同时展望其未来发展方向，进一步拓展在分布式小功率供能、自供能风环境监测、智能物联网节点供电等领域的应用，为全球能源转型与“双碳”目标实现提供技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research progresses in the fields of structural innovation and application of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs) for wind energy collection in recent years are summarized. The four basic working modes of TENG, the methods for regulating structural performance and the application directions in wind energy collection scenarios are introduced. The wind energy collection TENGs with vertical-axis, horizontal-axis, flag-type, flutter-type and swaying-type structures are analyzed in detail, the technical methods and laws for efficiently converting different forms of wind energy such as low wind speed airflow, turbulent wind and omnidirectional wind into electrical energy are summarized, and the design characteristics, wind field adaptation ranges and power output performances of various structures are compared. Finally, it points out the main reasons why wind energy collection TENGs have not been widely applied on a large scale at present. At the same time, it looks forward to its future development directions, further expanding its applications in the fields of distributed low-power energy supply, self-powered wind environment monitoring and intelligent Internet of Things node power supply, providing technical support for global energy transition and the realization of the “dual carbon” goals.更多还原