【摘要】 本研究利用南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)渔船“福兴海”号2023/24渔季在南极南奥克尼群岛和南设得兰群岛周边海域生产期间采集的Simrad SX90声呐数据,提出了一种基于水平扫描声呐数据的南极磷虾集群信号识别与特征提取方法,对磷虾集群回波面积、周长和分布深度等进行初步分析。结果表明,通过补偿增益控制等回声信号预处理、图像分割与轮廓特征提取等处理后可以有效获取磷虾集群特征。渔业水平扫描声呐中磷虾集群回波映像主要呈现单椭圆型、多椭圆联合型和条带型等3种形态。其中,单椭圆型的数量占比为16.82%,多椭圆联合型与条带型的数量占比分别为38.72%和44.46%;条带型回波的平均回波面积最大,单椭圆型回波的平均回波面积最小。本研究为科学利用渔业水平扫描声呐进行渔业生产目标识别与磷虾集群特征研究提供了一种有效技术手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study proposed a method for identifying the echo signals of Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba) swarms in fishery scanning sonar data. Based on the Simrad SX90 sonar data collected by the krill fishing vessel “Fuxinghai” during the 2023/24 fishing season in the waters around the South Orkney and South Shetland Islands, the method was demonstrated and applied to preliminary analyses of swarm echo area, perimeter, and distribution depth. The results showed that krill swarm echoes could be effectively identified through a series of preprocessing steps, including compensation gain adjustment, image segmentation, and contour feature extraction. The shapes of krill swarms in sonar echograms were mainly classified into three types: single-ellipse, multiple-ellipse, and bandlike. The proportions of single-ellipse, multiple-ellipse, and band-like types were 16.82%, 38.72%, and 44.46%, respectively. Among these, the band-like type exhibited the largest average echo area, while the single-ellipse type had the smallest. This method provides an effective approach for the scientific utilization of fishery scanning sonar in target identification during fishery operations and offers valuable insights into the morphological and spatial characteristics of Antarctic krill swarms.更多还原