【摘要】 【目的】基于产权理论和代际理论，揭示产权认知与代际差异对农户宅基地流转意愿与行为的作用机理，以期为优化宅基地有偿使用制度和深化农村宅基地制度改革提供参考。【方法】采用2022年中国土地经济调查江苏省调研数据，借助Logit模型探究了产权认知与代际差异对农户宅基地流转意愿与行为的影响，并利用调节效应模型进一步检验了代际差异的调节作用。【结果】(1)整体上看，宅基地产权认知对农户宅基地流转意愿有显著正向影响，对宅基地流转行为有显著负向影响。其中，所有权认知、抵押权认知显著正向影响农户宅基地流转意愿，所有权认知、继承权认知显著负向影响农户宅基地流转行为，在进行多重稳健性检验后结果依然成立。(2)老一代、中生代和新生代农户的宅基地流转意愿和行为发生率依次增强。(3)产权认知对农户宅基地流转意愿的正向影响在代际传递过程中逐渐增强，对宅基地流转行为的负向影响在代际传递过程中逐渐减弱。具体而言，所有权认知、抵押权认知和继承权认知对农户宅基地流转意愿的正向影响在代际传递过程中逐渐增强，所有权认知、继承权认知对农户宅基地流转行为的负向影响在代际传递过程中逐渐减弱。【结论】应充分考虑产权认知正向影响流转意愿而负向影响流转行为的差异性，并重视各代农户的特点和需求，有针对性地推动宅基地流转政策的顺利实施。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] Based on property rights theory and generational theory, this study explores the mechanisms through which property rights cognition and intergenerational differences affect farmers’ willingness and behavior regarding homestead transfer, aiming to provide references for optimizing the paid use system of homesteads and deepening the reform of the homestead system. [Methods] Using data from the 2022 China Land Economic Survey, the Logit model was employed to investigate the effects of property rights cognition and intergenerational differences on farmers’ willingness and behavior regarding homestead transfer. In addition, a moderation effect model was applied to further examine the moderating role of intergenerational differences. [Results](1) Overall, the cognition of homestead property rights had a significant positive effect on the willingness of farmers to transfer homesteads, but had a significant negative effect on the behavior of transferring homesteads. Specifically, the cognition of ownership rights and mortgage rights had a significant positive effect on farmers’ willingness to transfer homesteads, while the cognition of ownership rights and inheritance rights had a significant negative effect on farmers’ behavior of transferring homesteads. These results remained robust after multiple robustness tests.(2) The willingness and incidence of homestead transfer behavior progressively increased among the older, middle, and younger generations of farmers.(3) The positive effect of property rights cognition on farmers’ willingness to transfer homesteads gradually strengthened over intergenerational transmission, while the negative effect on the behavior of transferring homesteads weakened. Specifically, the positive effects of ownership rights cognition, mortgage rights cognition, and inheritance rights cognition on farmers’ willingness to transfer homesteads gradually strengthened during intergenerational transmission, while the negative effects of ownership rights cognition and inheritance rights cognition on farmers’ homestead transfer behavior gradually weakened in the process of intergenerational transmission. [Conclusion] The differences in the effects of property rights cognition on farmers’ willingness and behavior regarding homestead transfer should be fully considered, and attention should be paid to the characteristics and needs of farmers across different generations, so as to promote the targeted and effective implementation of homestead transfer policies.更多还原