【摘要】 作为耕地资源的关键组成部分，坡耕地是山丘区域农业生产的基础资源。尤其在中国中西部山丘地带，坡耕地在区域耕地布局结构中占据着较大比例。坡耕地受限于该区域特有的自然地理条件与相对滞后的农事耕作技术水平，已成为水土侵蚀强度最高、农业面源污染物迁移风险最大的土地利用类型之一。本研究论述了坡耕地土壤有机碳(SOC)的损失影响因素，分别从环境因素和人为因素进行了阐述，其中环境因素主要包括水蚀、风蚀、冻融侵蚀及其相互作用侵蚀，而人为因素主要是耕作、施肥、灌溉等。基于坡耕地水土流失导致有机碳损失，从坡耕地碳汇/碳减排角度出发，分别从耕作、施肥、灌溉、秸秆覆盖、生物炭施用等农艺措施进行改进，从而改变坡面特性、减少地表径流、提高土壤质量以及增加作物产量。最后，归纳总结了土壤碳库储量、碳汇算法方面的研究进展，旨在为未来水土流失影响下坡耕地SOC汇的核算凝聚共识并确立相应方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important part of cultivated land, slope farmland is the agricultural production fundamental resource in mountain areas. Particularly in the hilly areas of central and western China, slope farmland accounts for a significant proportion of the total cultivated land. Slope farmland has become one of the land use types with the highest intensity of soil and water erosion and the greatest risk of agricultural non-point source pollutant migration due to the limitation of natural conditions and farming practices. This study analyzed the influencing factors of soil organic carbon(SOC) loss in slope farmland, elaborating on both environmental and anthropogenic factors. The main environmental factors include water erosion, wind erosion, frost-thaw erosion and their interactive erosive processes, while the human factors mainly include farming, fertilization, and irrigation. Given that soil and water loss from slope farmland leads to organic carbon loss, from the perspective of carbon sequestration/carbon emission reduction in sloping farmland, this study proposed improvements in agronomic practices such as tillage, fertilization, irrigation, straw mulching and biochar application. These improvements aim to modify slope characteristics, reduce surface runoff, enhance soil quality, and increase crop yields. Finally, the study summarized research on soil carbon pool reserves and carbon sequestration algorithms, fostering consensus on the accounting of SOC sinks in slope farmland and determining the technical methods for accounting organic carbon sinks in slope farmland under the influence of soil and water loss.更多还原