【摘要】 为同时降低高速列车受电弓气动阻力与气动噪声，基于大涡模拟和FW-H声类比方法，对高速列车受电弓及其周围区域采取综合平顺化设计，并对其外部流场特征与气动减阻降噪潜力进行数值模拟研究。研究结果表明：对受电弓采取外露部件流线型设计、底部凹坑包覆等综合平顺化措施，可有效降低高速气流对受电弓底部区域的冲击，改变受电弓周围的气流扰动形态，使受电弓后方区域无法形成连续而紧凑的小尺度涡旋结构，最终实现受电弓气动减阻降噪；当列车运行速度为350 km/h时，仅包覆板结构便可使原型受电弓运行气动阻力降低19%，而对受电弓及周围区域采取综合平顺化设计可使其气动阻力降低39%；与原型受电弓相比，平顺化包覆的受电弓与综合平顺化受电弓25 m处远场气动噪声最大可分别降低5.1、3.7 dB，降幅分别为6.7%、5.0%。研究结果可为设计制造新型低阻力、低噪声高速列车受电弓提供基础数据支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 To simultaneously reduce the aerodynamic drag and noise of high-speed train pantographs, based on large eddy simulation(LES) and the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings(FW-H) acoustic analogy method, comprehensive smoothed configurations were applied to the simplified model of pantographs and corresponding surrounding area, numerical simulations were carried out to study the external flow field characteristics and the potential possibility for aerodynamic drag and noise reduction. The results indicate that taking measures such as streamlining the exposed components of the pantograph and covering bottom areas can effectively reduce the impact of high-speed airflow on the bottom region of pantographs, altering the airflow disturbance pattern around the pantographs, thus the formation of compactly distributed small-scale vortex structures in the area behind pantographs can be prevented, ultimately achieving aerodynamic drag reduction and noise reduction for the pantographs. At the running speed of 350 km/h, the cover plate structure reduced the aerodynamic drag of the prototype pantograph by 19%, and the comprehensive smoothing design of the pantograph and its surroundings area can reduce aerodynamic drag by 39%. Compared with the prototype pantograph, the pantograph with a surface-smoothing fairing and the comprehensively smoothed pantograph reduces the far-field aerodynamic noise at 25 m by up to 5.1 dB and 3.7 d B, corresponding to reductions of 6.7% and 5.0%, respectively. The research results can provide fundamental data support for the design and manufacture of new lower drag and noise highspeed train pantographs.更多还原