【摘要】 目的 分析某石油企业工人血脂异常患病情况并探讨石油工人血脂异常的影响因素，以提高石油工人的健康水平和生活质量。方法 采用整群抽样的方法，选取2019年4—10月在华北油田井下医院参加职业健康体检的1 378名在岗石油企业工人作为研究对象，收集研究对象基本人口学信息、职业有害因素暴露情况和血生化指标，并比较不同特征石油工人血脂异常患病差异，采用非条件logistic回归分析石油工人血脂异常的影响因素，使用RCS限制性立方样条函数分析体质指数（BMI）与血脂异常的关系。结果 某企业石油工人平均年龄为（45.2±7.2）岁，血脂异常率为46.22%，总胆固醇异常率为24.46%，甘油三酯异常率为33.96%。多因素logistic回归结果显示超重（OR=1.664,95%CI:1.292～2.142）、肥胖（OR=2.634,95%CI:1.901～3.649）、吸烟（OR=1.477,95%CI:1.091～2.000）、饮酒（OR=1.446,95%CI:1.091～1.920）、高血压（OR=1.672,95%CI:1.243～2.250）是石油工人血脂异常的独立危险因素（P<0.05），偏瘦（OR=0.309,95%CI:0.104～0.920）是石油工人血脂异常的保护因素（P<0.05）。限制性立方样条模型显示石油工人BMI数值和血脂异常存在线性关系（P<0.001）。亚组分析结果显示，以性别作为分层因素，BMI正常（OR=1.47,95%CI:1.05～2.05,P=0.024）、肥胖（OR=2.46,95%CI:1.33～4.55,P=0.004）亚组中性别差异有统计学意义。结论 该企业石油工人血脂异常患病率为46.22%，存在吸烟、饮酒等不良生活方式、超重、肥胖、高血压的工人，更应密切关注自身的血脂健康。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia among workers in a petroleum enterprise and to analyze the factors influencing dyslipidemia, with the aim of enhancing the health status and quality of life of petroleum workers. Methods A cluster sampling approach was employed to select 1 378 on-duty workers who underwent occupational health examinations at the Huabei Oilfield Downhole Hospital from April to October 2019. Basic demographic information, exposure to occupational hazards, and biochemical blood indicators were collected from the subjects. Univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression models were utilized to analyze the factors influencing dyslipidemia among petroleum workers. The relationship between body mass index(BMI)and dyslipidemia was examined using the restricted cubic spline(RCS)function. Results The mean age of the petroleum workers was(45. 2±7. 2)years old. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 46. 22%, with an abnormality rate of total cholesterol at 24. 46% and that of triglycerides at 33. 96%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that being overweight(OR=1. 664, 95%CI:1. 292-2. 142), obesity(OR=2. 634, 95%CI:1. 901-3. 649), smoking(OR=1. 477, 95%CI:1. 091-2. 000), alcohol consumption(OR=1. 446, 95%CI:1. 091-1. 920), and hypertension(OR=1. 672, 95%CI:1. 243-2. 250) were independent risk factors for dyslipidemia(P<0. 05), while being underweight(OR=0. 309, 95%CI:0. 104-0. 920) was a protective factor(P<0. 05). The restricted cubic spline model demonstrated a linear relationship between BMI and dyslipidemia(P<0. 001). Subgroup analysis indicated that gender differences were statistically significant in the normal BMI(OR=1. 47, 95%CI:1. 05-2. 05, P=0. 024) and obesity subgroups(OR=2. 46, 95%CI:1. 33-4. 55, P=0. 004). Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia among oil workers in this enterprise is relatively high, and workers with unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking and drinking, overweight, obesity and hypertension should pay more attention to their blood lipid health.更多还原