【摘要】 当前学龄人口疏密不均、“排浪式”波动和总量下降的时空变化趋势引发基础教育师资在区域、学段、学科间供需矛盾日益凸显。建立与学龄人口变化相适应的基础教育师资调配机制是化解师资供需矛盾的有效策略。构建师资调配机制需突破调配过程中的行政壁垒与制度限制、激励缺位与发展受阻、本位思维与供需失配、专业差距与资质限定等障碍。为此，应加强师资监测预警与余缺匹配，健全师资动态调配管理体系，完善师资动态调配保障措施，保证师资调配有序执行。更多还原

【Abstract】 The uneven distribution of the school-age population, coupled with wave-like fluctuations and overall decline, has led to increasingly pronounced mismatches between the supply of and demand for basic education teachers across regions, educational phases, and subjects. Establishing a teacher allocation mechanism that dynamically responds to demographic shifts constitutes an effective strategy for resolving these supply–demand tensions. Designing such a mechanism requires overcoming administrative and institutional barriers in the allocation process, addressing deficiencies in incentive structures and restrictions on professional development, mitigating mismatches caused by localized decision-making, and narrowing gaps in teacher qualifications and professional competencies. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen a teacher monitoring and early-warning system linked to surplus-shortage matching, enhance the dynamic management framework for teacher deployment, and improve safeguard measures to ensure the orderly implementation of teacher reallocations.更多还原