【摘要】 为探索适合陇东地区乔化瑞香红苹果的肥水方案，以5年生乔化瑞香红苹果为试材，设6个肥水处理：P₁F₁，在对照施肥基础上分别在3、6、9月追肥，共计N 0.34 kg/株，P₂O₅0.20 kg/株，K₂O 0.32 kg/株；P₁F₁W₁，在P₁F₁施肥基础上每次施肥时增加灌水0.03 m3/株，总灌水量为0.09 m3/株；W2，在对照施肥基础上加7次灌水；P₂F₂，在对照施肥基础上分别在3月（萌芽前）、4月（开花前）、5月（落花后）、6月（花芽分化期）、8月（果实膨大期）追肥，共计N 0.34 kg/株，P₂O₅0.20 kg/株，K₂O 0.31 kg/株；P₂F₂W₃，在P₂F₂施肥基础上，每次施肥时增加灌水0.03 m³/株，总灌水量为0.15 m3/株；以当地农户常规施肥作为对照。研究了不同处理瑞香红的果实品质、抗氧化物质以及糖代谢等。结果表明，相较于对照，P₁F₁W1处理在提高瑞香红单果重、降低果实硬度、提高果实总酚含量等方面表现最优，其中，单果重比对照提高了40.67%，比P₂F₂W₃处理高出15.59%。相较于对照，P₁F₁、P₁F₁W₁、P₂F₂、P₂F₂W₃果实果糖含量明显提高，P₁F₁果实果糖及葡萄糖含量最高，P₁F₁W₁次之。P₁F₁W1酸性转化酶（AI）和山梨醇脱氢酶（SDH）活性较高，可能是其果实糖含量增加的原因。隶属函数分析结果表明，P₁F₁W₁在提高果实品质方面表现最佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the fertilization program suitable for arborized ‘Ruixianghong’ in Longdong region,we took 5-year-old arborized ‘Ruixianghong’ as the test material, and set up 6 fertilization treatments: P₁F₁, on the basis of the control fertilization, respectively, in March, June and September, with a total of N 0.34 kg/plant, P2O50.20kg/plant, and K2O 0.32 kg/plant three times; P₁F₁W1, on the basis of the P₁F₁fertilization, increased irrigation 0.03m3/plant for each application, and total irrigation was 0.09 m3/plant; W2, on the basis of the control fertilization, added7 times of irrigation; P2F2, on the basis of the control fertilization, additional topdressing was carried out in March（before bud break）, April（before flowering）, May（after flower drop）, June（flower bud differentiation period）, and August（fruit expansion period）, with a total of N 0.34 kg/plan, P2O50.20 kg/plant, and K2O 0.31 kg/plant; P2F2W3, on the basis of P2F2fertilization, the irrigation water was increased by 0.03 m3/plant at each fertilization, and the total irrigation water was 0.15 m3/plant. Conventional fertilization by local farmers was used as a control. Fruit quality,antioxidants, and sugar metabolism of different treatments of ‘Ruixianghong’ were studied. The results showed that the P₁F₁W1treatment performed optimally in increasing the single fruit weight, decreasing the fruit hardness, and increasing the total phenol content of ‘Ruixianghong’ compared with the control. Among them, the single fruit weight was significantly increased by 40.67% compared with the control, which was 15.59% higher than the P2F2W3treatment. Compared with the control, the fructose content of P₁F₁, P₁F₁W1, P2F2and P2F2W3fruits was significantly increased, and the highest fructose and glucose content was found in the fruits of P₁F₁, followed by P₁F₁W1. The higher activities of acid invertase（AI） and sorbitol dehydrogenase（SDH） of P₁F₁W1might be the reason for the increase of its fructose content. The results of affiliation function analysis showed that P₁F₁W1 performed best in improving fruit quality.更多还原